new zealand Flashcards
What is the W-most Central Otago (unofficial) sub-region?
Gibbston
Central Otago’s driest subregion
Bannockburn (also warm, but not as warm as Bendigo)
In what year is Cloudy Bay established? By whom?
1985; David Hohnon
1st vines in the world to see the sun each day come from what region?
Gisborne GI
What is the soil of Central Otago?
Schist
The Teviotdale Hills are a feature of what GI?
Waipara GI (keeps it warmer than the rest of Canterbury by blocking cool Easterlies)
What river is responsible for depositing Gimblett Gravels?
Ngaruroro R
In what NZ GI will you find the Waitakere Ranges?
Auckland
Who produces “Coddington”, “Huntington Hill” & “Maté’s Vineyard”?
Kumeu River
Which 2 NZ wine regions feature LS soils?
Canterbury & Waitaki Valley
What is Poverty Bay also known as?
Gisborne
Golden Slope & Ormond Valley are unofficial regions of what GI?
Gisborne
What is the southern-most vineyard of NZ?
Two Paddock’s “Last Chance Vineyard”
The (unofficial) subregions of Hawke’s Bay are based on what?
Soils laid down by 4 rivers / 4 river valleys
Which New Zealand wine region was famously overlooked by Romeo Braggato?
Marlborough
Top grape of Kumeu GI
Chardonnay
2 benefits of Dr Smart’s Canopy Mgmt
a) Reduce Green Flavors by Controlling Vigor b) Combat Fungal Disease c) Prevent Sunburn
Where is the Te Mata Special Character Zone & Havelock North?
Hawke’s Bay
NZ region with the sunniest climate
Nelson
What is the name of NZ’s wine law? When is it established & implemented?
Geographic Indications Registration Act; est 2006 & implemented 2017
New Zealand’s highest peak
Mt Cook (Aoraki)
Why is netting employed in NZ?
To protect vs bird pressure
Name the new wine-growing subregion on the West Coast north of Wellington
Ohau
Name 2 (unofficial) subregions of Hawke’s Bay on the Ngaruroro R
Gimblett Gravels WG District, Bridge Pa & Ohiti
In what decade was first vines planted in NZ? Australia?
1819 (vs 1788 in Australia)
NZ wine region known for chalky LS soils
Canterbury (Waipara V)
Where are the Tararua Ranges, the Aorangi Ranges & the Ruamahanga River?
Martinborough
Most planted R varietal of Hawkes Bay
Merlot
What mountain range is responsible for a RSE in Martinborough?
Tararua Ranges
Origin of soils: North Island vs South Island
N Island: volcanic; S Island: glacial
Top 2 grapes of Wairarapa
PN & SB
Where is the producer Trinity Hill located?
Hawke’s Bay
Where were the N Islands first grapes planted and when?
a) Northland b) 1819
Nelson lies on what 2 bays to the north? (name the 2 bays of Nelson)
Tasman Bay & Golden Bay
2 sub-GIs of Canterbury
Waipara GI & Northern Canterbury GI ***Waipara within N Canterbury
Top sub-region for Pinot Noir in Marlborough
Southern Valleys (b/c clay)
What unofficial area of Hawke’s Bay is located in the Heretaunga Plains?
Gimblett Gravels Wingegrowing District
In what decade was the first wine production of New Zealand? Where?
1830’s; Northland
Indigenous Polynesian people of New Zealand
Māori
Top grape of North Otago
PN ***N Otago = Waitaki V GI
Biggest Central Otago sub-region
Cromwell Basin
1st commercial plantings in Marlborough were in what decade; by whom?
a) 1973 b) Montana (now Brancott E)
Who produces NZ’s 1st varietal wine? Grape / region?
Montana; Gisborne CH
Where is Dartmoor Valley?
Hawke’s Bay (unofficial) subregion
What is the name of the captain who first made landfall in Gisborne thinking it was Hawkes Bay?
Captain Cook
Country-wide sustainability organization of NZ
Sustainable Winegrowing New Zealand
Rate the 2019 vintage in NZ
Excellent (small H)
The unofficial sub-regions of Hawke’s Bay are divided into what 4 general areas?
Hillsides, River Valleys, Alluvial Plains, Coastal Areas
Who writes “Three Treatises on Viticulture”?
James Busby
Who produces “Coleraine”?
Te Mata (Hawke’s Bay); BDX-blend
Soils of Waitaki Valley
Waitakian LS
What is NZ Winegrowers Assoc?
2002; promotes unified face for NZ wine (all growers/producers are members)
Name the 2 bays that influence the Marlborough GI
Cloudy Bay & Clifford Bay
What is the most-planted white grape of Central Otago?
Pinot Gris
Name 3 major rivers of Hawke’s Bay that define the region’s diverse soils
Esk R, Ngaruroro R, Tukituki R
What are the three official subregions of Auckland GI?
Waiheke Island GI, Matakana GI, Kumeu GI
Which parent company owns Kim Crawford?
Constellation Brands
What is TM sparkling wine called in Marlborough? Name 2 reqs
a) Method Marlborough b) 18 months, 100% Marlboro grapes, 100% production in Marlborough
Cloudy Bay’s sister winery in Australia
Cape Mentelle (also started by Dave Hohnon)
Cloudy’s Bay’s top Sauv Blanc bottling
Te Koko
What mountain range divides Wairau & Awatere Valleys?
(Marlborough) Wither Ranges
Where is the “Golden Slope” unofficial subregion?
Gisborne GI
NZ’s oldest, continuously-operating winery; Australia?
Mission Estate (Hawke’s Bay); Wyndham Estate (Hunter Valley)
Only NZ wine region on the west coast of the country
Ohau (official sub-region of NZ)
NZ’s most complex PN comes from what GI?
Martinborough
3 geographic features of Marlborough for quality wine production
long days, cold nights (DTS), lots of sun, dry autumns (except 2017 / 2018!)
Which Central Otago (unofficial) sub-region sits on Lake Dunston?
Cromwell Basin
Cloudy Bay’s Central Otago PN is called ___
Te Wahi
Top GIs for Gewurztraminer in New Zealand
Gisborne, Nelson
Top 2 best and worst vintages of the last 10 years
Best: 2013/2014/2015/2016, 2019; Worst: 2017 / 2018
Name the official and unofficial subregions of Wairarapa.
Official: Martinborough GI, Gladstone GI; Unofficial: Masterton
Tui & Speights are two brands of what?
NZ beer
What is the smallest (unofficial) sub-region of Central Otago?
Wanaka ***also N-most
Warmest & coolest Central Otago sub-region
a) Warmest: Bendigo b) Coolest: Gibbston
Marlborough’s warmest & coolest subregions respectively
a) warmest: Wairau V (N); b) coolest / driest: Awatere (S)
Where is the Waipoa River?
Gisborne
Destiny Bay is a producer in what NZ GI?
Waihkeke Island GI
What GI lies on the Tasman Bay?
Nelson
Climate of Central Otago
Continental (NZ’s most extreme)
What are the 3-most planted grapes of NZ (in order)?
1) SB #2) PN #3) CH #4) PG #5) MRT
What is the closure on the Te Mata wines
Cork
Where does the Waitaki River originate?
Mt Cook (Aoraki)
Where is the Ohau?
NZ sub-region on the N Island (WEST coast / N of Wellington)
Kusuda is a producer located in what GI of NZ?
Martinborough (expensive!!!)
List the GI’s of the North Island
North Island GI, Northland GI, Auckland GI, Gisborne GI, Hawkes Bay GI, Wairarapa GI
Why is Waiheke Island drier than Auckland’s mainland?
Waitakere Ranges in W Auckland protect vs westerly weather
Soils of Marlborough
Free-draining glacial soils: stony gravel & sandy loams; clay & loess hillsides
Name the sub-GIs of Hawke’s Bay
Central Hawke’s Bay GI
Most common soil of South Island NZ
Greywacke: hard sandstone w/ mudstone (originates from S Alps)
What wine region is home to the Golden Slope limestone escarpment?
Gisborne
Vinoptima & Millton are producers in what GI?
Gisborne
Top subregion of Marlbrough for PN
Southern Valleys (b/c clay soils)
Which NZ GI produces the country’s most PN?
Marlborough
In what wine region will you find the Te Muna Terraces? Who owns them?
a) Martinborough (Wairarapa) b) Craggy Range (even tho producer based in Hawke’s Bay) ***don’t confuse w/ Te Mata Special Character Zone in Hawke’s Bay
What is the #1 volume-producing region of NZ for PN?
Marlborough!
Who produces “Larose”? What region?
Stonyridge (Waiheke Island)
What subregion of Auckland has a strong reputation for Chardonnay?
Kumeu GI
Northland Climate
Subtropical
Wairarapa Soil
Silt loam w/ gravel subsoil
2 important viti innovations of the 1980s/1990s (NZ)
Canopy Mgmt & Site Selection
What is the S-most sub-region of Central Otago?
Alexandra SZ of Central Otago
Nelson Sauvin, Rakau, Motueka, Wakatu, Pacific Jade & Southern Cross are examples of what?
NZ hop varieties
SB accounts for what % of NZ’s total vine acreage?
0.6
Valli & Ostler are producers located in which NZ GI?
Waitaki Valley GI
This region produces NZ’s smallest production
Waikato ***ironic b/c aka Bay of Plenty
Omahu Gravels are another name for what type of soil?
Gimblett Gravels
Describe the soils of the GG Winegrowing District; name 2 benifits of these soils
Gravels laid down by Ng River (sand & riverstones over OMAHU GRAVELS); a) nutrient poor / free-draining (< vigor / > concentrated) b) absorbs & releases heat to help ripening
North Island’s driest climate
Hawke’s Bay
Who produces “Clos de Ste Anne”?
Millton (Gisborne); CH
National average yield of New Zealand
70 hl/ha
2 factors that contribute to NZ’s growth in the 2nd half of the 20th ce
- Jetliners make travel viable 2. 1986 vine pull scheme (VV replaces hybrids)
Name 2 spirits from NZ
Stolen Rum, Ariki Gin, 42 Below Vodka
Cloudy’s Bay’s sparkling wine is called what? Grape?
Pelorus (CH/PN)
Which Champagne house 1st invests in NZ? What decade? Which GI? Name of winery?
a) Deutz (Deutz x Montana); b) 1988 c) Marlborough d) LINDAUER
Where is the Waipara Valley?
Canterbury
Top grape of Gisborne
Chardonnay (33%)
Vineyards in what GI are the first in the world to see the sun each day?
Gisborne
Put the following regions or subregions in order north to south:
A. Waitaki valley B. Wairau valley C. Waipara
B, C, A
Worst 2 NZ vintages of the last 5 years
2017 & 2018 (cool / rainy - tropical cyclades of South Pacific wipes out harvest!)
Why are contract winemaking facilities used in NZ (specifically Marlborough)?
Huge variation in crop from 1 yr to next
What does Marlborough translate to in Maori?
“Place w/ the hole in the clouds”
Top 2 grapes of Hawke’s Bay
Chardonnay #1, Merlot #2
How long does “Method Marlborough” wines have to age on lees for?
18 months (vs 12 mo for Cap Classique)
Marlborough subregions from N to S
Wairau V, Southern Valleys, Awatere Valley
Top NZ GI for hop production
Nelson
T or F: irrigation is essential in Marlborough; why or why not?
TRUE (low RF & free-draining soils)
Where is the world’s S-most vineyard?
Argentina (Sarmiento in Chubut); owned by Otronia (45*33)
Gimblett Gravels is a trademarked brand of what organization?
Gimblett Gravels WG Association
What Central Otago (unoffical) sub-regions sit on the Kawarau River?
Bannockburn & Gibbston
Marlborough’s new wine law system is called what? Name 3 reqs
a) Appellation Marlborough Wine (AMW) b) 100% Marlborough grapes, bottled in NZ, 100% sustainable (cert by “Sustainable Winegrowing NZ”), lower yields
Greywacke is a winery in ___ started by ___.
Marlborough; Kevin Judd (founding WM @ CB)
Name the bodies of water that surround NZ
Pacific O (E) & Tasman Sea (N & W); Cook Strait (C) & Forveaux Strait (S)
Who produces “Prima Donna” Pinot Noir?
Pegasus Bay (Canterburgy)
Name 2 producers that use “Gimblett Gravels” on their labels
Babich, Craggy Range, Church Road, Mission Estate, Trinity Hill, Villa Maria
Describe the 2017 vintage in Marlborough
RAINY AF sucked
Where are the Whither Ranges?
Marlborough
What 2 mountains ranges create a DTS in Marlborough?
Richmond Ranges (N) & Wither Hills (b/w Southern V & Awatere V)
Where will you find Albarino being grown in NZ?
Gisborne GI
In what GI of NZ will you find schist soils?
Central Otago
NZ’s largest city
Auckland
Central Otago lies at what latitude?
45*S
In what region were NZ’s 1st Syrah vines planted?
Hawke’s Bay (Gimblett Gravels 1982)
In what region will you find the Heretaunga Plains?
Hawke’s Bay (Gimblett Gravels here)
Top 2 (unofficial) regions of Nelson
Waimea Plains & Moutere Hills
Who produces Coleraine, Awatea & Bullnose?
Te Mata
NZ’s longest growing season
Waitake V GI
The Raukumura Ranges & Waipoa River are geographic features of what wine region?
Gisborne GI
What winery controls the majority of Marlborough’s vineyards?
Brancott E
Where does Busby plant Spanish & French vines?
Waitangi Estate, Northalnd
Who produced the 1st Marlborough Sauv Blanc and in what decade?
a) Montana (now Brancott E) b) 1979 (1st commercial plantings of Marlborough 1973)
1 challenge for winegrowing in Central Otago
Frost
Where is Onetangi Bay?
Waiheke Island (Stonyridge / most producers here) in WEST
BDX blends of Hawke’s Bay are most often dominated by what grape?
Merlot
Who produces “The Quarry”, “Le Sol” & “Sophia”? What is the blend / grape for each?
Craggy Range (Quarry: Cab, Le Sol: SH, Sophia: MRT)
Most-planted grape of Hawke’s Bay? GG?
Hawke’s Bay =. CHARDONNAY; GG: MRT ***Cab has hard time ripening here
Name 3 producers of Martinborough
Ata Rangi, Palliser E, Dry River, Kusuda ($$$)
2 most-planted red grapes of NZ
PN, MRT
T or F: to use the “Gimblett Gravels Winegrowing District” on label, the wine must be made from BDX varietals or Syrah
False; grape variety not specified (95% grapes from area / 95% soil type)
Top area in NZ for late-harvest dessert wines
Nelson & Waipara Valley
Soils of Martinborough
Gravel (free-draining / alluvial) of the Martinborough Terrace
Who is Kevin Judd?
Founding WM of Cloudy Bay
Which NZ GI uses the Abel PN clone?
Martinborough
In what NZ GI is the unofficial region of “Bay of Islands” located?
Northland GI
Where are the producers Neudorf & Siefried located?
Nelson GI (unofficial subregions)
Top areas for PN in NZ
Central Otago, Martinborough, Marlborough
What are Alps called in Central Otago?
The Remarkables
What is the effect of the Temperance Movement on NZ wine industry?
Low quality grapes planted in case full on prohibition were to occur (mostly hybrids)
Who produces “Tom” Cabernet?
Church Road
Bendigo sits along what river?
Clutha River
Soils of Marlborough
Silty / Sandy LOAM (+ clay in the Southern Valleys)
Where are the Clutha & Kawarau Rivers?
Central Otago; Alexandra, Bendigo & Wanaka on Clutha / Gibbston on Kawarau
Dog Point & Oyster Bay are producers where?
Marlborough
Top quality Central Otago subregion
Bannockburn ***Felton Rd & Mt Difficulty located here
Who owns Cloudy Bay?
LVMH
Who produces le Sol? Varietal(s)?
Craggy Range, Syrah
Top NZ regions for sparkling wine
Gisborne, Marlborough, Central Otago
In what GI are the Waimea Plains & Moutere Hills located?
Nelson
Where is the Hauraki Gulf?
New Zealand (Waiheke Island GI); separates Waiheke Island from ML Auckland
What is the body of water that separates Waiheke Island from the mainland?
The Hauraki Gulf
Name 3 producers in Auckland
Man o’ War, Destiny Bay, Stonyridge “Larose”
The North Island of NZ shares lattitude with what australia region?
Tasmania
What grapes are permitted in “Method Marlborough”?
PN, PM, CH ***NO Sauv Blanc
Which parent company owns Kim Crawford?
Constellation Brands
The Ruamahanga River is located in what NZ GI?
Martinborough
Name 4 producers of Gimblett Gravels
Craggy Range, Mission Estate, Trinity Hill, Church Road ***Te Mata is a producer in Hawke’s Bay bot NOT IN GG
Which Central Otago subzone is home to most of the region’s vineyards?
Cromwell Basin (70%)
Puriri Hills is a producer in what NZ wine region?
(Clevedon) Auckland
Most-planted grape of Auckland
Chardonnay
Samuel Marsden is associated with what winemaking country?
NZ - plants 1st vines in 1819 @ Northland
what are 2 examples of Hawke’s Bay “alluvial plains” unofficial SRs?
Gimblett Gravels, Bridge Pa, Ohiti
What is the climate of NZ?
Maritime (except Central Otago)
What are the “Roaring 40s”?
Strong westerly winds
3 factors that negatively affected the NZ wine industry in the early 1900s
Temperence Movement
Depression
Isolationism
In what decade does Vitis Vinifera replace hybdrids?
1970s
Most-common trellising NZ
VSP
Top 2-producing NZ GIs
Marlborough, Hawke’s Bay
When does Gimblett Gravels WG District b/c official?
2001
What is true about Marlborough’s climate as you move westward?
Cooler (frost + ripening can be an issue); warmer in coastal sites b/c of Easterlies
What is the most-planted white grape of Canterbury? Waitaki Valley?
Pinot Noir
