New York, Other USA, Canada, Mexico Flashcards
Name the AVAs of New York
Long Island -North Fork of Long Island -The Hamptons, Long Island Hudson River Region Finger Lakes -Cayuga Lake -Seneca Lake Lake Erie (shared with Pennsylvania and Ohio) Niagara Escarpment
Who is largley responsible for the growth of vinifera grapes in NY?
In the wake of Dr. Konstantin Frank’s successful cultivation of vinifera grapes in the early 1960s, new plantings of European varieties have greatly increased.
What are the major grapes planted in NY?
Chardonnay, Riesling, Pinot Blanc, and Gewürztraminer perform well throughout the state. Bordeaux varieties are planted on the warmer, maritime Long Island AVA and its sub-AVAs
Where is 90% of NYs wine produces? What grape performs best therE?
The Finger Lakes -Riesling
What is Niagara (grape)?
American cross of Concord and Cassady
What state is the second largest producer in the US?
New York
What is Texas’s largest AVA and describe the size of it.
Nine million acre Texas Hill Country AVA.
What states are included in the Upper Mississippi AVA?
30,000 square miles in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Illinois
What is the world largest demarcated appellation with its formal approval in 2009?
Upper Mississippi AVA
What are subs of the Baja Peninsula? Grapes?
International varieties, and Rhône grapes in particular, hold promise on the peninsula’s subregions of Valle de Guadalupe, Valle de Santo Tomas, Valle de San Antonio de las Minas, and Valle de San Vincente.
What is the oldest winery in the Americas?
Casa Madero, 1597, in Coahuila.
To the east of Baja, Mexico bordering Texas
What is De Chaunac? What is its importance in Canada?
De Chaunac- red French hybrid developed by Albert Seibel but introduced to Canada after World War II by Adhemar de Chaunac
It was one of Canada’s most planted varietals by the 1970s. De Chaunac ended the reliance of his employer, Ontario’s Brights Wines, on native grapes
Name 3 varietals, other than De Chaunac, that are crosses of Native American grapes x French?
Baco Noir, Rosette and Maréchal Foch
Briefly discuss Canada and Prohibition?
Like the US, Canada suffered through prohibition in the early 20th century, albeit it on a provincial rather than national scale. Ontario was the last province to repeal prohibition, in 1927.
How did a moratorium create such a lack of small production wineries in Canada in the late 19th century? How many wineries were there?
A moratorium was placed on new winery licenses, and larger wineries like Brights swallowed up the smaller producers who struggled through prohibition. By 1974 only six wineries remained in business in the country. However, the end of the moratorium in 1974 signaled the beginning of a new era of small premium production and vinifera wines
What is a major winery that came out of the end of the moratorium in Canada?
Inniskillin in Niagara-on-the-Lake.
Only grape allowed for icewine in Canada?
Vidal
What styles and varietals of wine does Inniskillin produce?
Vidal - Icewine
Riesling
Cab Franc
What two major events happened in the Canadian wine industry in 1988?
In 1988, Canada signed a free trade agreement with the US, which required Canadian producers to refocus on quality in order to compete in their own domestic market, and, when coupled with a government-sponsored vine pull scheme, led to an even larger share in the vineyard for vinifera grapes.
In the same year, an appellation and quality control system known as the Vintners’ Quality Alliance (VQA) was launched in Ontario.
When was the VQA established? WHat does it stand for?
Ontario established VQA in 1988, followd by British Columbia VQA standards in 1990.
Vintners’ Quality Alliance (VQA)
VQA wines from Ontario or British Columbia must be made from __A__% of grapes grown in the respective province. If labeled with a more precise appellation, British Columbia VQA wines must contain a minimum B% of grapes grown in the stated appellation, whereas Ontario VQA wines require C% for appellations and regional appellations, and __D__% for sub-appellations (in Niagara Peninsula).
a. 100%
b. 95%
c. 85%
d 100%
To be labeled with a single vineyard in either province, a VQA wine must contain __A__% grapes grown in the stated vineyard. With the exception of __B__ wines, all Ontario VQA wines must be labeled with a vintage date and contain a minimum___C__% of grapes harvested in that year. For British Columbia VQA vintage-dated wines, the minimum requirement is also set at D%. Varietal wines from both regions must contain a minimum __e__% of the stated varietal.
a. 100%
b. Sparkling
c. 85%
d. 85%
e. 85%
Name a few limits to wine making set by the VQA
VQA standards set limits on chaptalization, acidification, must weights, and other various technical aspects of winemaking
Is chapetalization permitted in ice wine production?
no
What are the only two areas with VQA status today? In which area is it enforced and what area is voluntary? How will you know if a producer in this area is following VQA standards?
British Columbia and Ontario
VQA standards are legally enforced in Ontario, but voluntary in British Columbia—approved bottlings will always carry the stylized VQA logo.
British Columbia VQA Appellations
Okanagan Valley Vancouver Island Gulf Islands Fraser Valley Similkameen Valley
The ______(VQA) is one of the world’s most northerly wine regions, reaching northward of the 49th parallel, and the most developed region in British Columbia and supplies 82% of the province’s wine.
Okanagan Valley
Describe the Okanagan Valleys terroir.
The narrow valley, in the rain shadow of the Monashee Mountains, enjoys long daylight hours and a true continental climate, despite some mitigation of extremes by the nearby Lake Okanagan. Summers are hotter than in California’s coastal regions, and winters are much colder, bringing annual fears of significant vine damage.
Okanagan major varietal plantings
Vineyards are almost evenly divided between white and red grapes, with Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Merlot, and Pinot Blanc enjoying significant acreage.
What is the Okanagan Valleys relationship with dessert wine?
Dessert style in general remains a minor aim for the province’s producers. Only a handful of botrytis wines are made.
Who is Walter Hanlie?
In 1973, prior to Inniskillin’s inception, Walter Hanlie produced icewine on a very small scale in Okanagan Valley
Name Ontario’s sub-appellations not included in a regional appellation
Vinemount Ridge
Creek Shores
Lincoln Lakeshore
What are the Niagara Escarpment’s sub regions?
Short Hills Bench
Beamsville Bench
Twenty Mile Bench
What are Niagara-on-the-lake’s sub-regions?
Niagara River
Niagara Lakeshore
Four Mile Creek
St. David’s Bench
What is Ontario’s 3 major VQA and regional appellations? Which is the largest?
Niagara Peninsula (largest) Niagara-on-the-lake Niagara Escarpment Prince Edward County Lake Erie North Shore
Who is Canada’s largest producer quantity wise?
Ontario
What VQA was eliminated from Canada in 2013
Peelee Island
Niagara Peninsula major varietals (vinifera)?
Cabernet Franc, Pinot Noir, Riesling, Chardonnay
When must you announce that you will make icewine? Harvest temp?
November
Harvest in winter at -8C (17.6F)
De Chaunac is AKA?
Seibel 9549
Wisconsin AVAs
included in Upper MIssissippi River Valley AVA,
Lake Wisconson AVA, Wisconson Lodge AVA
Arizona AVA
Sonotia
North Carolina AVAs
Haw River Valley (between Winston-Salem and Chapel Hill), Swan Creek and Yadkin Valley (overlap Winston-Salem)
http://www.ncwine.org/wineries/hawriver
Colorado AVAs
West Elks
Grand Valley
http://coloradowine.com/
Connecticut AVAs
Southeastern New England
Western Connecticut Highlands
What states are included in the Southeastern New England AVA?
Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts
Arkansas, Minnesota, and Missouri AVAs
Arkansas - Altus, Ozark Mountain
MN - Alexandria Lake
MO - Augusta, Ozark Highlands, Hermann
Arkansas, Minnesota, and Missouri AVAs
Arkansas - Altus
MN - ALexandria Lake
MO - Augusta, Ozark Highlands, & Hermann
Where is the Fennville, Old Mission Peninsula, & Leelanau Peninsula AVA?
Michigan
Where is Grand River Valley, Loramie Creek, & Isle St. George?
Ohio
What states cover Cumberland Valley?
Maryland and Pennsylvania
Where is the Fennville, Old Mission Peninsula, & Leelanau Peninsula AVA?
Michigan
Where is Grand River Valley, Loramie Creek, & Isle St. George?
Ohio
Where is Kanawha River Valley
West Virginia
Name 3 of Virginia’s AVAs
Middleburg Monticello North Fork Roanoake Rocky Knob Shenandoah Valley (shared with WV) Kanawha River Valley Virginia's Eastern Shore Northern Neck George Washington Birthplace
What AVA covers New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio?
Lake Eerie AVA
Where are these AVAs: Lancaster Valley & Lehigh Valley
Pennsylvania
Where is Linganore? Where is Martha’s Vineyard?
Maryland & Massachusetts respectivly
Name 3 of Virginia’s AVAs
Middleburg Monticello North Fork Roanoake Rocky Knob Shenandoah Valley (shared with WV) Kanawha River Valley Virginia's Eastern Shore Northern Neck George Washington Birthplace Ohio River Valley (Shared)
New Jersey AVAs
Outer Coastal Plain
Warren Hills
Central Delaware Valley (shared with PA)
States that share Ozark Mountain AVA?
Missouri, Arkansas, Oklahoma
Name 3 AVAs in TX
Texas Davis Mountains Bell mountain Escondido Valley Texas High Plains Texas Hill Country Texoma Fredericksburg in the Texas Hill Country Mesila Valley (Shared with NM)
Where is Middle Rio Grande Valley & Mimbres? Mesilla Valley?
New Mexico
New Mexico and Texas
Mississippi Delta AVA covers what states?
Mississippi, Tennessee, Louisiana
Ohio River Valley AVA - What states are included?
Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, West Virginia
States that share Ozark Mountain?
Missouri, Arkansas, Oklahoma
Illinois and Indiana AVAs
IL: Shawnee Hills, Upper Mississippi River Valley (w/ MN, WI, IA)
IN: Indiana Uplands, Ohio River Valley (w/ OH, KY, WV)
