New Worlds: The Americas And Oceania Flashcards
The most important factor in explaining the Spanish Victory over the Aztecs and Incas was the?
Devasting loss of life caused by European borne diseases.
Christopher Columbus’s first plan was to
Build trading posts where merchants could trade with the local population.
The encomenderos were
Spanish settlers
The population of the Caribbean went from about 4 million in 1492 to ________________ in the 1540s.
A few thousand.
The first people of the Americas to come into contact with the Spanish were the ?
Taíno
Hernan Cortes was responsible for the conquest of the ?
Aztecs
The last emperor of the Aztec empire was?
Motecuzoma II
The conquistador who conquered the Incas was ?
Pizarro
The last emperor of the Inca empire was ?
Atahualpa
Conquistadors ?
Eventually lost control and were replaced with formal rule by the Spanish crown.
The two centers of Spanish royal authority in the Americas were ?
Lima and Mexico City
The chief Spanish Royal administrators in the Americas were the ?
Viceroys
The viceroys whose power was checked by reviews conducted by the ?
Audieencias
The treaty of Trodesillas ?
Split central and South America between Spain and Portugal
The Portuguese began to show much more interest in Brazil after?
The establishment of profitable sugar plantations
The English, French, and Dutch ?
Were more interested in setting up permanent colonies than were the Spanish.
Which of the following sites in North America was originally a Dutch colony?
New York
The English colony of Jamestown ?
Was nearly destroyed due to mass starvation
Which of the following was NOT a difference between the Spanish approach to colonization and that of the English and French?
The English and French viewed the indigenous populations as their equals
Which of the following was NOT true of the native Americans that the English and French came into contact with?
The Native Americans guarded their claims to private ownership of land even more jealously than the Europeans.
The native population is what is now the United States stood at 5 million to 10 million in 1492, and at _____in 1800.
Six hundred thousand
The term mestizo refers to ?
An individual of indigenous and European parentage
Spanish migrants who were born in Europe were known as?
Peninsulares
The métis were?
Individuals of French and indigenous parentage
For the Spanish, the greatest attraction of the Americas were ?
Precious metals
By the 17th century, the most prominent site of agriculture in Spanish America was the?
Hacienda
To provide labor for their sugar plantations, the ?
Portuguese relied on imported African slaves as laborers
In North America, the Europeans initially found a profitable commodity when they bartered for?
Furs
Plantations created a high demand for?
Cheap labor
The first plentiful labor force for North America was?
Indentured servants
The Virginia of Guadalupe essentially became a national symbol for?
Mexico
The first recorded European sighting of Australia was made by the?
Dutch
Which of the following countries established the first permanent settlement in Australia?
England
The British initially made use of Australia?
As a penal colony
In the 1670s and 1680s, the Spanish were interested in consolidating control in which area because it lay directly on the route from Acapulco to Manila?
Guam
Doña Marina was
A Mexican woman who aided cortés in his conquest of the Aztecs.
