New world Flashcards
What did the Native Americans in the New World lack?
horses, metal (for steel swords)
written language
immunities from many diseases
gun powder
Which people came to Mexico in the early 1500s? Who were they led by?
Spanish Conquistadors (Soldiers), led by Cotes (leader)
Who did the conquistaors and cotes face?
What happened
aztecs (native american group)
because of all of the things they lacked, the Native Americans wer wiped out
what was the most important weapon? what was the result
disease, some tribes lost up to 90% of their people
What did the spanish do in the new world? What positon was that in?
they set up a government/empire that was like a sub version of the one in spain
What were the characteristics of that empire?
It was centralized and they had to report to the king.
benefit for spain
What did they do to ensure the stability of the government?
where were they placed
2 viceroys (reps) of the King. one in mexico, one in peru
What was the society like in the new world
stratified (arranged/classified)
what was the social structure?
Peninsulares Creoles Mestizos Indians african slaves
peninsulares
full blooded spaniards born in spain
creoles
full blooded spaniards born in the new world
who were th most powerful
creoles, peninsulares
mestizos
mixture of spanish and indian
how did the spanish make money>
big plantations for SUGAR agriculture, food, leather
what were plantations called
encomienda
what else did they have to make money
gold and silver mines in various places
What was the role of the church?
since the reformation hurt catholic church in euro, they kinda continued htat shit in new world
To convert, they used nice or cruel methods
examples of cruel
whippings, beating, mutilations to make people convert
who was the nice priest /missionary? what did he do?
Bartoleme de las Casas. He cared amd protected the indians and it enabled him to convert many
What is controversial about this conversion whether it was nice or cruel?
Culture of the Native Americans was being changed
What was the percentage of the people that became converted?
90%
what is the famous legend known during this time?
The Black legend
What is the Black legend?
it is how the spanish were viewed from other countries and how they were so cruel towards indians
Who else was just as cruel?
portugal and england who also explored
What will occur later as a result of sugar plantation in brazil and carribean
african slavery
What was the slave trade called? What was the result of the countries that controlled this?
Asiento
they became rich
