New Urban Landscapes

Question 1

What are the examples of New Urban Landscapes?

Answer 1

• Town centre mixed developments
• Cultural and heritage quarters
• Fortress developments
• Gentrified areas
• Edge cities

Question 2

Describe Gentrified Areas

Answer 2

These are inner city districts which have been regenerated through the activities of affluent individuals.
•Improvements are made to the physical condition of the area and new services are developed to meet the needs of the new inhabitants.
•The original inhabitants of the area see little benefit and can find that community spirit and social cohesion are gradually lost.

Question 3

Describe Cultural and Historical Quarters

Answer 3

These are distinct parts of the CBD which follow a theme.
•Cultural quarters could involve the production of cultural or craft based goods (jewellery) which can be accessed and bought by the public OR on consumption of culture (theatres, art galleries)
•Heritage quarters could focus on the history of an area
The aim is to regenerate old industrial sites which have deteriorated following de-industrialisation by changing their function

Question 4

Describe Town Centre Mixed Developments

Answer 4

These are city centres which include more than retailing and are partly a response to decentralisation. The aim is to make the CBD more attractive by adding:
•Leisure and entertainment facilities such as theatres , restaurants, cafes, clubs and even street entertainment. This is the concept of the ‘24 hour city’
•Flagship national attractions such as the Richard III centre
•Residential land use to encourage ‘city living’. These are likely to be apartments aimed at young affluent professionals
•Hotels and conference centres to attract more business use of the CBD
The aim is to connect these amenities through pedestrian walkways to enable full integration of these land uses

Question 5

Describe Edge Cities

Answer 5

These are self contained settlements which have developed beyond the boundaries of existing cities.
They develop in accessible locations close to motorway intersections and/or airports
•They do not have a clear structure but often contain a range of land uses including large residential areas, retail parks and business parks.
•They were first recognised in the USA but are common in the UK often beyond the green belt.
• They are a consequence of decentralisation

Question 6

Describe Fortress Developments

Answer 6

These are usually high class residential areas or shopping developments often protected by gates, security cameras and guards.

• They are likely to result in social segregation as the inhabitants of these districts often lead completely separate lives from the surrounding populations
• Other less obtrusive techniques aimed at reducing perceived security threats include improved street lighting, speed bumps and ‘mosquito alarms’.

Question 7

Define New Urban Landscapes

Answer 7

New urban landscapes are recent features emerging in modern urban areas