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New Testament Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Why was David so important to the memory of the Jews?

A

Jews thrived under King David

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2
Q

Who built the first Jewish Temple?

A

Solomon

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3
Q

What was the conception of Israelite Messiah?

A

Like Moses, deliver Israel. (Deut 18)

King like David, Conqueror (2 Samuel 7)

Son of Man, Everlasting Dominion (Daniel 7)

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4
Q

Who conquered Northern Kingdom? When?

A

Sargon 2

Assyrians

722 BC

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5
Q

What do we call those carried off in captivity from the North?

A

10 Tribes

Lost

Scattered

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6
Q

Who conquered the Southern Kingdom? When?

A

Babylon

Nebuchadnezzar II

586 BC

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7
Q

Mass Appeal popular culture of Antiquity?

A

Hellenism

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8
Q

Who spread Greek culture throughout the world?

A

Alexander the Great

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9
Q

Which empire rules Judea during Jesus’s lifetime?

A

Rome

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10
Q

Who was the king of the Jews at the time of Jesus?

A

Herod

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11
Q

What language did Jesus speak?

A

Aramaic

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12
Q

What language was the New Testament written in?

A

Greek

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13
Q

How many original manuscripts still exist?

A

0

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14
Q

What is an original manuscript called?

A

Autograph

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15
Q

What is the vulgate?

A

Latin translation of the Bible. (Moses with horns)

Saint Jerome at request of the pope.

382 AD

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16
Q

What process is most responsible for the majority of errors in the New Testament and manually?

A

Transmission.

Monks did a lot of copying.

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17
Q

What was the first Bible printed in English?

A

1382

Jon Wycliffe

Translated from the Vulgate.

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18
Q

What is the Apocrypha and why is it important?

A

Books between the old and new testaments that didn’t make it into the Bible

Canon for Catholics, not for protestants

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19
Q

Why is the Tyndale Bible so important?

A

Translated from Greek into English by William Tyndale in 1525.

Introduced new words. “Jehovah”. “Atonement”.

Catholic church kills him because Latin is closest to God.

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20
Q

When and why was King James Bible printed?

A

King James wanted to stop different translations from being weaponized against protestants and Catholics.

1604

Made to sound Flowery

80% pulled from Tyndale

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21
Q

How significant are King James errors?

A

Minor translation issues. Some passages have changed meaning.

Major transmission issues (trinity).

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22
Q

Exegesis

A

Allow the text to speak to you

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23
Q

Eisegesis

A

Read yourself into the text.

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24
Q

Who wrote Acts?

A

Luke

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25
Luke's Occupation
Physician
26
Luke, Jew or Gentile?
Only gentile gospel writer
27
Who was Luke's mission companion?
Paul
28
What is the question Acts tries to answer?
Why is Christianity so popular?
29
What can we say about Luke's Greek?
Best in the New Testament?
30
How could you describe Luke's writing?
Investigative Reporter
31
4 Themes of Book of Acts
Geographic gospel spread Transition to both Jewish and Gentile church Role of Holy Ghost Defense of Christianity
32
Who is acts addressed to?
Theophilus Luke's patron? Anyone who loves God?
33
What does "passion" mean?
Atonement and Crucifixion
34
What happens during the "forty-day" ministry?
Jesus taught the apostles things pertaining to the kingdom of God
35
How does D&C 95 help us better understand Acts 1:1-4?
Part of the 40 days was about being endowed with power in the Temple.
36
Who replaced Judas Iscariot?
Matthias. We never hear about him again.
37
What is the day of Pentecost?
One of 3 pilgrimage festivals? (Passover, tabernacles, Pentecost)
38
Who is Barnabus?
Sold land and gave the money to the church.
39
What does it mean that the church had "all things in common?"
The church followed a form of consecration that was not obligatory, it was voluntary. Pieces of land were sold when the need arose.
40
What was the sin of Ananias and Saphira? What OT incident does this allude to?
Misrepresented the amount of money made from selling their land. Alludes to the Fall.
41
Who is Stephen?
First Christian Martyr. One of the 7 that distributed food among the congregation.
42
Who held the clothes of those who stoned Stephen?
Saul
43
What is the significance of the Ethiopian Eunuch?
Prior to this moment, Eunuchs could not join the Jewish faith. First Baptism of a gentile
44
Who is Cornelius?
Centurion that sent men to Joppa to fetch Peter from the house of Simon the Tanner.
45
What was the significance of Peter's vision in Acts 10?
The vision was god commanding him to eat unclean animals? Allusion to the idea that there are clean and unclean people (Jews and Gentiles). Disciple's dilemma
46
What types of animals did Peter see?
Combination of Clean and Unclean
47
4 Cultural markers of Judaism?
Circumcision Sabbath Day Observance Ritual Purity Dietary Restrictions
48
What was the name given to the earliest followers of Jesus?
Followers of the way
49
How was Paul a citizen of 3 worlds?
Religiously, a Pharisee. Paul is from Tarsus, a Greek city. Hellenized Jew Politically, he is a Roman. Has Roman Citizenship
50
Which Jewish party did Paul most closely align with?
Pharisee
51
Significance of shift from "Saul" to "Paul"?
Paul is his Roman name Saul is his Hebrew name
52
Saul's occupations prior to vison?
Tentmaker Bounty hunter for Christians
53
What do we know about the decade after Paul's vision?
Basically Nothing - He goes back to Tarsus
54
Who was Paul's first missionary companion?
Barnabus, John Mark (left early)
55
Who is Mark?
John Mark, missionary companion of Paul and Barnabas. He leaves early.
56
Where Paul go on his first mission?
Epistle: Galatians Headquarters: Antioch 46-48 AD
57
4 parts of a Pauline Epistle
Opening Thanksgiving Main Body Closing
58
What problems in Galatia does Paul address in his letter?
Some Judaizers telling people they need to be circumcised. (Main) Peter sitting with Jews instead of Gentiles. Judaizers claim Paul is less than the first presidency.
59
What does it mean that Paul calls himself an apostle?
Missionary He isn't one of the 12, but he has authority because he was called by Christ
60
Why does Paul dispute with Peter?
Peter went to sit with Jews instead of gentiles when the Judaizers entered.
61
Justification according to Paul
To be in harmony with the Law. Not Guilty
62
Works according to Paul
Law of Moses
63
Grace According to Paul
Unmerited divine favor, Jesus's gift
64
Faith
Allegiance or Loyalty
65
Sanctification
To be made holy
66
Who is James? Position in church?
Jesus' brother. Bishop of Jerusalem. Judaizers claim association
67
Verdict at council of Jerusalem
Circumcision not required Faith is the term required for being part of the house of Israel 4 resolutions
68
4 resolution passed at council of Jerusalem
No food that was offered to Idols No strangled foods No blood No sexual expression for worship
69
Who delivers the verdict? Why?
James - keeps the Judaizers in the church
70
At what point to Paul and Barnabus part ways?
Before Paul's second mission. Barnabus wanted to bring John Mark again.
71
Paul's second mission details?
Center: Corinth Epistles: 1st and 2nd Thessalonians 50-54 AD Companions: Silas, Luke, Timothy
72
What did Paul do for money in Thessalonica?
Sewing leather as a tentmaker
73
What were the primary issues Paul address in Thessalonians?
Second Coming Adultery (technically fornication) Idleness (people quit work because of second coming) Paul's reputation
74
Order of events at the second coming?
Jesus Arrives Dead Raised Up Lifts up the living
75
What is the rapture and how does that fit into the order of events at the second coming?
Righteous will be snatched up LDS don't believe in rapture, righteous will come back down to earth
76
What is the accurate, literal definition for apostasia?
Mutiny In this case, mutiny against Jesus
77
Who is the "Man of Sin"
Man of sin will be revealed in the temple, posing as God
78
Who is the "restrainer"?
One holding the man of sin back
79
What is the abomination of desolation?
Horrific event leading to desolation of the temple. Seems to be talking specifically about Jerusalem temple
80
Danger presented in "letters as from us?"
Letters as forgeries Paul signs each letter as a solution
81
Why is inaccurate to speak of "Judaism at the time of Jesus?
There were so many different types of Jews.
82
3 elements of Jewish orthodoxy?
Monotheism Election Eschatology - End of the world
83
3 elements of Jewish Orthopraxy
Temple Torah Priesthood
84
Primary Beliefs of the Pharisees
Experts on law of Moses Oral Law Controlled Synagogues
85
Primary beliefs of the Sadducees
Denied Resurrection Focused only on Torah In charge of the temple Wealthy Aristocracy Okay with Rome
86
What texts were the Essenes responsible for?
Dead sea scrolls
87
Why are the Dead Sea Scrolls important?
Only history of the Jews written by Jews
88
How were Samaritans similar and different from Jews?
Samaritans claimed to be true Israel Jews viewed them as unclean, a mixture of Jew and Gentile Samaritan Pentateuch Look at the Messiah in a more spiritual sense
89
When and by whom was Jerusalem destroyed?
Titus (Rome) destroys city and temple 70 AD
90
What were the 3 requirements to become a Jew?
Ritual Purification Circumcision Law of Moses

Religion (3 decks)

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