New Technologies and Trends Flashcards
Additional Sensors and connectivity
Rings
- Track sleep and heart rate
Hearing aid/earphones
- Measure motion and adjust auditory algorithms
- Spatial audio with apple airpods pro
Optical sensors in smart watches
Optical emitters
- 2+ LEDS send light into skin
Photodetector
- Captures refracted light dependent on the volume and oxygenation of blood
Technology implemented into the watches isn’t new
- Heart rate from wearables is within 2%
- Blood oxygen from wearables less accurate but most within 2-3% but small windows for healthy ranges (100-95% healthy, 90-95% unhealthy, <90 is emergent)
What’s next with optical sensors in smart watches
- Continuous blood pressure (often just regression equations)
- Blood, sweat, tear analysis (biofluid sampling of interstitial fluid, sweat, tears, salvia, urine - are glucose, lactate, hormones, metabolites, blood alcohol levels ok)
- Data driven decision making
Force Sensing insoles
- Inertial sensors only measure impacts and motion
- Ground reaction forces can be inferred when assessed near center of mass but not lower limbs
Motion capture solutions
- Conventional marker-based technology
- Initial sensor solutions - Xsens
Markerless motion capture - Relies entirely on computer vision (built upon large image database with objects labelled/segmented, many different uses, algorithms, cameras/image types) - Theia markerless
Virtual reality
Needs to do many things at once
- Map surroundings while constantly updating the position of the user (simultansous localization and mapping (SLAM), same technology required for self-driving cars)
- Track positioning of controllers or hands (computer vision and or inertial seneors in controllers)
- Track position/orientation of headset (computer vision + inertial sensors in headset
What is 3D printing
A process that creates physical objects from digital designs by adding material one layer at a time
- Inveneted in 1980s
- became affordable in 2010s
3D printing applications
Sculptors, trinkets, and parts to prosthetics and even food
Steps of 3D printing
- Design an object to print
- Import to a program to slice for printing
- Upload to your design to print
Things to think about with 3D printing
- Test and optimize your printer settings for each filament (temp, speed, layer depth, infill density) - specific to each machine/filament
- Make it easy as possible to print (flat layer on the bottom that can be easily sliced, minimal overhang or add supports)
