New Science Book Flashcards
Organisms
Living things
Cell
A small building block
Unicellular
Organisms with one cell
Multicellular
An organism with multiple cells
Metabolism
The combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials
Stimulus
A change in an organism’s surroundings that causes the organism to react
Response
An action or change in behavior
Development
The process of change that occurs during an organism’s life, producing a more complex organism
Asexual reproduction
Involves only one parent and produces offspring identical to the parent
Sexual reproduction
Involves two parents and combines their genetic material to produce a new organism that differs from both parents
Spontaneous generation
The mistaken idea that living things can arise from nonliving things
Controlled experiment
A scientist carries out a series of tests that are identical in every aspect except for one factor
Autotrophs
Obtains energy by
Classification
The process of grouping things based on their similarities
Taxonomy
The scientific study of how organisms are classified is called
Binomial nomenclature
Each organism a unique two part specific name.
Genus
The first word in an organism’s scientific name
Species
A group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and make offspring that can also mate and reproduce.
Protests
Eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants, or fungi.
Protozoans
Animal like protests that are unicellular
Fungus
Eukaryotes that have cell walls, are heterotrophs that feed by absorbing their food, and use spores to reproduce
Hyphae
The branching thread like tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi
Fruiting bodies
A structure where fungi produce spores.
Chlorophyll
A green pigment found in chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria
Photosynthesis
A plant uses carbon dioxide gas and water to make food and oxygen.
Tissues
groups of similar cells that preform a specific function i an organism
Chloroplasts
The structures in which food is made
Vacuole
A large storage sac
Cuticle
Water proof layer
Sporophyte
When the plant produces spores
Gametophyte
The plant produces two types of sex cells
Annuals
Flowering plants that complete a life cycle within one growing season
Biennials
The annuals except with two
Perennials
Plants that live for more than two years
Tropism
A plant’s growth response towards or away from the stimulus
Hormone
A chemical effect how the plant grows and develops
Auxin
One important hormone
Photoperiodism
A plant’s response to seasonal changes in the length of night and day
Critical night length
The number of hours of darkness that determines if the plant will flower
Short day plant
Short day plants flower when the nights are longer than a critical
Long day plants
Long day plants flowers when nights are shorter than a critical length
Day neutral plants
Day neutral plants have a flowering cycle that is not sensitive to periods of light and dark
Homeostasis
Keeping internal body conditions stable
Adaptations
Structures, and behaviors that allow animals to preform their functions
Vertebrates
Animals w back bone
Invertebrates
Animals without a back bone
Tissue
Paper 4 nose blowing
Organ
A piano but 10x better
Radial symmetry
Idk
Bilateral symmetry
Idk
Cnidaria
Idk
Mollusk
Clam
Arthropod
Idk
Exoskeleton
Outside skeleton
Echinodern
Idk
Endoskeleten
Inside skeleton
Chordate
A chord that ate
Notochord
A note of a chord
Vertebra
A vertebrate
Ectotherm
Outside heat
Endothermic
Inside heat
Neurons
Nerve cells
Nerve impulse
Neuron message
Dendrite
Branchlike structure that picks up impulses
Axon
Long structure leading away from the cell body
Nerve
A bundle of nerve fibers
Sensory neuron
Picks up a stimulus
Interneuron
Carries a nerve impulse
Motor neuron
Sends impulse
Synapse
Neuron transfers impulses to this
Central nervous system
A nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
A nervous system
Brain
Brain
Spinal chord
Spinal chord
Cerebrum
?
Cerebellum
?
Brain stem
A brain stem
Somatic nervous system
A nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
A nervous system
Reflex
Reflex
Concussion
Concussion
Cornea
The clear tissue that covers the front of the eye
Pupil
The opening through which light enters the eye
Iris
A circular structure that surrounds the pupil and regulates how much light enters the eye
Lens
A circular structure that focuses light
Retina
Lines the back of the eye and contains light sensitive cells
Nearsightedness
See nearby objects clearly but into focus of the retina
Farsightedness
See distant objects clearly but not nearby objects
Eardrum
A membrane that vibrates when sound waves strike it
Cochlea
A snail shaped tube lined with sound receptor cells
Semicircular canal
A semicircle that is a canal
Taste buds
Things that you taste with
