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New Science Book Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Organisms

A

Living things

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2
Q

Cell

A

A small building block

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3
Q

Unicellular

A

Organisms with one cell

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4
Q

Multicellular

A

An organism with multiple cells

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5
Q

Metabolism

A

The combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials

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6
Q

Stimulus

A

A change in an organism’s surroundings that causes the organism to react

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7
Q

Response

A

An action or change in behavior

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8
Q

Development

A

The process of change that occurs during an organism’s life, producing a more complex organism

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9
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Involves only one parent and produces offspring identical to the parent

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10
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

Involves two parents and combines their genetic material to produce a new organism that differs from both parents

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11
Q

Spontaneous generation

A

The mistaken idea that living things can arise from nonliving things

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12
Q

Controlled experiment

A

A scientist carries out a series of tests that are identical in every aspect except for one factor

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13
Q

Autotrophs

A

Obtains energy by

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14
Q

Classification

A

The process of grouping things based on their similarities

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15
Q

Taxonomy

A

The scientific study of how organisms are classified is called

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16
Q

Binomial nomenclature

A

Each organism a unique two part specific name.

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17
Q

Genus

A

The first word in an organism’s scientific name

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18
Q

Species

A

A group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and make offspring that can also mate and reproduce.

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19
Q

Protests

A

Eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants, or fungi.

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20
Q

Protozoans

A

Animal like protests that are unicellular

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21
Q

Fungus

A

Eukaryotes that have cell walls, are heterotrophs that feed by absorbing their food, and use spores to reproduce

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22
Q

Hyphae

A

The branching thread like tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi

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23
Q

Fruiting bodies

A

A structure where fungi produce spores.

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24
Q

Chlorophyll

A

A green pigment found in chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria

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25
Q

Photosynthesis

A

A plant uses carbon dioxide gas and water to make food and oxygen.

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26
Q

Tissues

A

groups of similar cells that preform a specific function i an organism

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27
Q

Chloroplasts

A

The structures in which food is made

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28
Q

Vacuole

A

A large storage sac

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29
Q

Cuticle

A

Water proof layer

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30
Q

Sporophyte

A

When the plant produces spores

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31
Q

Gametophyte

A

The plant produces two types of sex cells

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32
Q

Annuals

A

Flowering plants that complete a life cycle within one growing season

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33
Q

Biennials

A

The annuals except with two

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34
Q

Perennials

A

Plants that live for more than two years

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35
Q

Tropism

A

A plant’s growth response towards or away from the stimulus

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36
Q

Hormone

A

A chemical effect how the plant grows and develops

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37
Q

Auxin

A

One important hormone

38
Q

Photoperiodism

A

A plant’s response to seasonal changes in the length of night and day

39
Q

Critical night length

A

The number of hours of darkness that determines if the plant will flower

40
Q

Short day plant

A

Short day plants flower when the nights are longer than a critical

41
Q

Long day plants

A

Long day plants flowers when nights are shorter than a critical length

42
Q

Day neutral plants

A

Day neutral plants have a flowering cycle that is not sensitive to periods of light and dark

43
Q

Homeostasis

A

Keeping internal body conditions stable

44
Q

Adaptations

A

Structures, and behaviors that allow animals to preform their functions

45
Q

Vertebrates

A

Animals w back bone

46
Q

Invertebrates

A

Animals without a back bone

47
Q

Tissue

A

Paper 4 nose blowing

48
Q

Organ

A

A piano but 10x better

49
Q

Radial symmetry

A

Idk

50
Q

Bilateral symmetry

A

Idk

51
Q

Cnidaria

A

Idk

52
Q

Mollusk

A

Clam

53
Q

Arthropod

A

Idk

54
Q

Exoskeleton

A

Outside skeleton

55
Q

Echinodern

A

Idk

56
Q

Endoskeleten

A

Inside skeleton

57
Q

Chordate

A

A chord that ate

58
Q

Notochord

A

A note of a chord

59
Q

Vertebra

A

A vertebrate

60
Q

Ectotherm

A

Outside heat

61
Q

Endothermic

A

Inside heat

62
Q

Neurons

A

Nerve cells

63
Q

Nerve impulse

A

Neuron message

64
Q

Dendrite

A

Branchlike structure that picks up impulses

65
Q

Axon

A

Long structure leading away from the cell body

66
Q

Nerve

A

A bundle of nerve fibers

67
Q

Sensory neuron

A

Picks up a stimulus

68
Q

Interneuron

A

Carries a nerve impulse

69
Q

Motor neuron

A

Sends impulse

70
Q

Synapse

A

Neuron transfers impulses to this

71
Q

Central nervous system

A

A nervous system

72
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

A nervous system

73
Q

Brain

A

Brain

74
Q

Spinal chord

A

Spinal chord

75
Q

Cerebrum

A

?

76
Q

Cerebellum

A

?

77
Q

Brain stem

A

A brain stem

78
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

A nervous system

79
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

A nervous system

80
Q

Reflex

A

Reflex

81
Q

Concussion

A

Concussion

82
Q

Cornea

A

The clear tissue that covers the front of the eye

83
Q

Pupil

A

The opening through which light enters the eye

84
Q

Iris

A

A circular structure that surrounds the pupil and regulates how much light enters the eye

85
Q

Lens

A

A circular structure that focuses light

86
Q

Retina

A

Lines the back of the eye and contains light sensitive cells

87
Q

Nearsightedness

A

See nearby objects clearly but into focus of the retina

88
Q

Farsightedness

A

See distant objects clearly but not nearby objects

89
Q

Eardrum

A

A membrane that vibrates when sound waves strike it

90
Q

Cochlea

A

A snail shaped tube lined with sound receptor cells

91
Q

Semicircular canal

A

A semicircle that is a canal

92
Q

Taste buds

A

Things that you taste with

Life Science (8 decks)

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