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Bio 181 Final > New Material > Flashcards

New Material Flashcards

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1
Q

True or false only one enzyme is used to catalyze all 10 reactions of glycolysis

A

False takes glucose to make to pyruvate to NADHS and ATPs

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2
Q

In like houses for every one molecule of glucose blank molecules of pyruvate are made and a net total of blank ATP is produced

A

Two and two

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3
Q

True or false glycolysis can only occur in aerobic conditions

A

False can do anaerobic and aerobic

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4
Q

Listed two main types of fermentation is fermentation use in aerobic or anaerobic conditions

A

Lactic acid and ethanol only in anaerobic conditions

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5
Q

True or false a substance that is reduce during a redox reaction is said to be an oxidizing agent

A

False it is a reduction agent

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6
Q

Reduction

A

Gaining electron

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7
Q

Oxidation

A

Losing electron

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8
Q

During the causes pyruvate oxidation in the citric acid cycle electron carriers are being blank while at the respiratory chain electron carriers are being blank

A

Oxidized and reduced

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9
Q

True or false the second law thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed

A

False that is the first law

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10
Q

Is Vaseline a form of potential energy or kinetic energy

A

Potential

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11
Q

True or false plans perform photosynthesis however they do not perform cellular respiration

A

False they do both

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12
Q

A molecule the gains an electron is said to be blank

A

Reduced

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13
Q

True or false fermentation occurs in anaerobic conditions

A

True

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14
Q

Which of the following depicts the correct aerobic breakdown of glucose

A

Glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, respiratory chain

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15
Q

True or false the process of glycolysis requires an input of ATP

A

False it is creating ATP

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16
Q

True or false a cell can only produce ATP if oxygen is present

A

False

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17
Q

True or false Ketose sugar possesses a carbonyl group at the end of its carbon chain

A

False it’s on the second carbon

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18
Q

True or false in nature the ring form of glucose is more common than the linear form of glucose

A

True because it’s more stable

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19
Q

True or false glycosidic linkages are formed via hydrolysis

A

False condensation reaction that produces water

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20
Q

Glycogen is the storage form of glucose and blank and consist of many blank

A

Animals, a – one, six linkages

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21
Q

Starch is the storage form of glucose in blank and consist of many blank

A

Plants, a, 1–6

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22
Q

The polysaccharide blank is used for structural support in the cell walls of plants and many kinds of algae

A

Cellulose

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23
Q

Serve as precursors for biosynthesis, provide structural support, allow for cell to cell recognition, stored chemical energy that can be used to make atp

A

Carbohydrates

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24
Q

True or false a phosphorylase Enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of glycogen

A

True

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25
Q

What is phosphorylase

A

And I’m send that gets rid of structures

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26
Q

What is glycogen

A

Massive storage form of glucose

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27
Q

True or false plants use the light energy of the sun to make glucose during the process of cellular respiration

A

False photosynthesis

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28
Q

What does photosynthesis require and release

A

Requires CO2 releases oxygen

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29
Q

What does cellular respiration require and release

A

Requires oxygen and releases CO2

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30
Q

True or false in fat metabolism the glycerol component of fatty acids enters the glycolysis pathway

A

True

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31
Q

Citrate and ATP blank Phosphofructokinase

A

Stimulate

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32
Q

True or false damaging high energy ultraviolet light has a long wavelength

A

False shorter and more visible wavelength

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33
Q

A green plant is best Siri to use blank light for photosynthesis

A

Blue and red it reflects green absorbed

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34
Q

True or false the light reactions of photosynthesis occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast

A

True

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35
Q

True or false fluorescence. Occurs when an excited electron falls down into its original energy state releasing light in the process

A

True

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36
Q

Is NADP plus reduced to NADP H plus H plus during the light reactions or Calvin at Benson cycle

A

Yes it is

37
Q

CO2 is released during blank and blank

A

Pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle

38
Q

True or false FAD is reduced into FADAH2 during pyruvate oxidation in the citric acid cycle

A

False

39
Q

What is the purpose of fermentation

A

Alternate pathway with no oxygen present

40
Q

What a glycolysis be able to continue without fermentation

A

Yes

41
Q

True or false 02 is reduced into H2O at the end of the electron transport chain

A

True

42
Q

True or false the inter-membrane space of a mitochondrion has a high concentration of hydrogen ions and is negatively charged

A

False should say positive charge

43
Q

True or false pyruvate oxidation occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes

A

False it occurs in the mitochondria matrix

44
Q

Where does glycolysis occur

A

Cytoplasm

45
Q

Where does electron transport chain occur

A

Inner membrane of mitochondria

46
Q

Where does the citric acid cycle occur

A

Mitochondrial matrix

47
Q

True or false in pyruvate oxidation four molecules of CO2 are released

A

False only two molecules of CO2 release 1 molecule per pair of eight

48
Q

True or false glycolysis requires two ATP makes four ATP for a net total of two ATP

A

True

49
Q

True or false you only feed one molecule of acetyl-CoA at a time give off 2 CO2, 1 ATP, 1 FADH2, and 3 NADH for the citric acid cycle

A

True two rounds with double it

50
Q

Blank flow down ATP synthase driving the bulk of ATP production

A

H + protons/ proton motor force

51
Q

When does ATP synthase occur

A

After electron transport chain

52
Q

True or false electrons give the electron transport chain the energy to pump protons into the inter-membrane space

A

True

53
Q

True or false phosphofructokinase is inhibited by ATP

A

True it is found in glycolysis and is the main regulatory enyzyme determines if active or inhibited it is inhibited by citrate and ATP

54
Q

The Calvin Benson cycle occurs in the blank of the chloroplast

A

Stroma

55
Q

What happens in the thylakoid membrane

A

Light reactions occur/consists of photosystem two and one

56
Q

In which photo system is water oxidized to release oxygen protons and electrons

A

Photosystem two

57
Q

Photosystem 2 acts to generate blank while photosystem 1 acts to generate blank for use in the Calvin Benson cycle

A

ATP, NADPH

58
Q

What are the three phases of the Calvin Benson cycle

A

Fixation reduction regeneration

59
Q

During which two phases in the calvin Benson cycle is ATP used

A

Reduction and regeneration

60
Q

True or false when something is reduced it is an oxidizing agent

A

True

61
Q

List the enzyme that catalyzes carbon fixation in photosynthesis

A

Rubisco

62
Q

Most abundant enzyme on planet because working nonstop on almost every plant

A

Rubisco

63
Q

True or false during the Calvin Benson cycle are RuBP is reduced to form G3P

A

False 3GPA is reduced to form G3P

64
Q

What is G3P

A

It make sugars for plants and regenerate RuBP molecule

65
Q

True or false the Z scheme is a model for the interactions between photosystems two and one

A

True

66
Q

True or false photons excite electrons

A

True

67
Q

True or false chlorophyll absorbs blue and red directly

A

True

68
Q

Five carbon compound to which CO2 is fixed during light independent reactions

A

RuBP

69
Q

Chlorophyll a absorbs primarily blank wavelengths of light

A

Red and blue

70
Q

Damaging high energy ultra violet light has blank wave links

A

Short infrared has longer wavelength

71
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes carbon fixation in photosynthesis

A

RuBisCO

72
Q

In which photosystem is water oxidized to release molecular oxygen protons and electrons

A

Photosystem two

73
Q

P680 and 700 or different forms of blank the most important photosynthetic pigment

A

Chlorophyll

74
Q

Where is P 700 seen

A

Photosystem one

75
Q

Where is P680 seen

A

photosystem two

76
Q

Reduce compound that is primarily product of photosystem one

A

NADPH

77
Q

Reduce compound that is primarily a product of photosystem two

A

ATP

78
Q

What is regenerated in the final series of reactions of the Calvin Benson cycle

A

RuBP

79
Q

True or false photosystem two comes before photosystem one

A

True

80
Q

What is the first law of the laws of thermodynamics

A

Conservation of energy energy can neither be created nor destroyed energy can change forms

81
Q

What is the second law of the laws of thermodynamics

A

And a closest him when energy is changed or transferred entropy/disorder increases

82
Q

The synthesis of organic molecules using the energy of light

A

Photosynthesis

83
Q

True or false you find two carbon units and cellular respiration at acetyl-CoA

A

True

84
Q

Order of cellular respiration

A

Glycolysis, pyruvate, pyruvate oxidation, acetyl-CoA, citric acid cycle, respiratory chain

85
Q

Primary storage form of animals

A

Glycogen

86
Q

Primary storage form of plants

A

Starch

87
Q

True or false ATP is used to start glycolysis

A

True

88
Q

True or false because is not the only source of ATP

A

True there is also fats proteins and nucleic acid

Bio 181 Final (7 decks)

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