New Info Flashcards
1
Q
The Berg Balance scale is best to use with what types of people
A
older adults
2
Q
ability to produce smooth, effective, efficient, safe, and accurate movement
A
Coordination
3
Q
What involves movement synergies
A
Coordination
4
Q
sense of joint position and movement
A
Proprioception
5
Q
Ability to maintain the body’s center of gravity over the base of support
A
Balance
6
Q
Muscle spindles, GTOs, joint receptors, and cutaneous receptors all contribute to what
A
Proprioception
7
Q
Respond to changes in muscle length and rate of change
A
Muscle spindles
8
Q
Sensitve to change in tension/force development within the muscle and rate of change of tension
A
GTO
9
Q
Where are joint receptors found
A
Synovial Joints
10
Q
Provide information on rate of movement and degrees of joint angulation
A
Joint receptors
11
Q
What type of receptors are cuteaneous receptors
A
mechanoreceptors
12
Q
Issues with which of the following are MOST common in those with diabetes:
a. ) Balance
b. ) Proprioception
c. ) Coordination
d. ) Skill
A
Proprioception
13
Q
5 A’s of MI
A
- ) Ask
- ) Advice (bite-sized)
- ) Assess
- ) Assist
- ) Arrange
14
Q
Year that the first PTA graduates
A
1969
15
Q
PTAs perform ___________selected by supervising PT
A
interventions
16
Q
Practice law in SC saying how long until a patient needs to be reevaluated by the PT
A
60 days or every 8th treatment day
17
Q
Can a PTA supervise a SPT
A
no
18
Q
Can a PTA supervise an aide
A
yes
19
Q
Can a PTA by supervised by telecommunication
A
yes
20
Q
what does a PT direct/supervise a PTA to perform
A
Selected procedural interventions
21
Q
Can a PTA do massage and use physical agents such as Estim and ultrasound
A
yes
22
Q
does APTA support letting PTAs do dry needling
A
no
23
Q
When is it allowable for a PTA to make modifications in selected interventions
A
- Being directed by a PT
- To ensure patient/client safety and comfort
24
Q
How many CEUs are PTAs requried to have every 2 year
A
3 (30 hours of continuing ed)
25
How does relaxation response training work
1. Reduce body structure impairments which leads to...
| 2. Promotion of activity and participation (ultimate goal)
26
Focusing on physical sensation of own breathing or heartbeat
| (picturing body as warm and relaxed
Autogenic Response Training
27
With relaxation response training do you want to breath in or out longer
breathe out longer
28
alternating tensing and relaxing muscles
- contracting for 5-7 seconds
- relaxation of 20-30 seconds
- progress distal to proximal
Jacobson's Progressive Relaxation
29
Using electronc devices to teach you how to produced the relaxation response
Biofeedback
30
The upward force in the pool opposite to gravity
Buoyancy
31
Do you bear more or less of your weight when water is higher up on your body
Less!
32
You bear ____% of your body weight when the water comes up to C7
10%
33
You bear ____% of your body weight when the water comes up to the xiphoid
33%
34
You bear ____% of your body weight when the water comes up to the ASIS
50%
35
Up towards the surface assists or resists
assists
36
Down towards the pool bottom assists or resists
resists
37
Vertical forces that do not intersect the Center of Buoyoncy do what
create rotational motion
38
Greater depth in the pool = greater pressure speaks to which principle
Hydrostatic pressure
39
What does going deeper in the pool do to your body physiologically
1. ) Reduces effusion
2. ) Assists venous and lymphatic return
3. ) Centralizes peripheral blood flow
40
What principle of aquatics does this speak to:
| Resistance is proportional to velocity of movement thru liquid and surface area
Viscosity
41
What is the clinical significance of viscosity
With larger SA movement increases resistance more than a smaller surface area
AND
No resistance when movement ceases. Increased moving surface area increases resistance
42
The tendency of fluid surfaces to shrink into the minimum surface area possible
Surface Tension
43
Greater work and resistive force when moving extremity thru water surface applies to which principle
Surface Tension
44
molecules moving parallel to each other (slower movements)
Laminar flow
45
molecules do not move parallel to each other (move faster)
Turbulent flow
46
cumulative effects of turbulence and viscosity acting on an object in motion
Drag
47
tubulence + viscosity =
drag
48
Drag =
turbulence + viscosity
49
Hydromechanics:
Which component of hydrmechanics does this indicate?
Increased speed of movment increases resistance
Laminar flow
50
Hydromechanics:
Which component of hydrmechanics does this indicate?
Moving water past patient will require patient to work harder to maintain position
Turbulent flow
51
Hydromechanics:
Which component of hydrmechanics does this indicate?
Can be used to apply a gentle stretch
Drag force
52
Hydromechanics:
Which component of hydrmechanics does this indicate?
Appplication of equipment will increase drag and resistance
drag
53
amount of heat required to raise temp of 1g/1 degree C
Specific heat
54
does water reatin more heat than air
yes
55
Water conducts heat _____times faster than air
25x
56
Will an individual moving thru cold water lose body temp faster than at rest
yes
57
What type of pools are best for those with neuro issues
cool pools
58
Temp of the pool for more active patient and individuals with MS
82-88 degrees
59
Temp of pool for those less active that benefit from heat as those with arthtirs
88-92 degrees
60
Temp of pool for those less active with hypertonicity/spasticity issues
92-96 degrees
61
True or false: HR is higher when in pool
False
62
True or false: SV is higher when in pool
True
63
Should RPE or HR be used during aquatic exercise
RPE
64
4 ways to incr difficulty of aquatic exercise
1. Move against buoyancy (go deeper)
2. Move against tubulence
3. Faster movement or bigger movement
4. Add SA
65
Fractures resulting from a fall from standing height or less
Fragility Fracture
66
Are fragility fractures more common in men or women
Women
67
Score greater than ____on the MAHC-10 means fall risk
4
68
Single best predictor of decline in health and function in an aging adult is what
slow gait speed
69
TUG that means generally independent
less than 20 seconds
70
TUG that means generally dependent
more than 30 seconds
71
Most effective way at improving gait speed in geriatric population
high intensity resistance training
72
Absolute contraindications for mobilization
1. Unstable fractures
2. Bedrest
3. Gut feelings
4. Gut feeling
5. Unstable vitals
6. Active bleeding
73
10 meter walk test measures what
gait speed, balance, community participation
74
5xSTS test measures what
strength and balance
75
30 sec STS test measures what
LE muscular endurance, balance
76
1 min STS test measures what
LE muscular endurance
77
5 things that can qualify you as having metabolic syndrome
1. High BP
2. Trigs over 150
3. Low HDL
4. Abdominal obesity
5. Fasting plasma glucose over 110
78
type of horse movement that is a diagonal pattern and facilitates trunk ext
Trot
79
when the hind legs of horse engage to move forward
Impulsion
80
When the horse rotates what does this facilitate in the human
Lateral flexion
81
when the horse laterally flexes what does the facilitate in the human
rotation
82
when the horse accelerates forward what does this facilitate in a human
Posterior tilt
AND
Trunk flexion
83
When the horse deccererates forward what does this facilitate in a human
Anterior tilt
AND
trunk extension
84
The Promis Global Health Scale includes what 2 components
Physical and Mental
85
What does the REAP include
Eating and Activity Levels
86
Current Health behaviors is part of what part of the annual exam
Disease Risk Profile
87
Emotional Status is part of what part of the annual exam
Disease Risk Profile
88
Body mass is part of what part of the annual exam
Standardized Physical Examination
89
Mental Function is part of what part of the annual exam
Standardized Physical Examination
90
Sensation is part of what part of the annual exam
Standard Physical Examination
91
Vital signs are part of what part of the annual exam
Standard Physical Examnation
92
Hexagon test is done for what age group of people
under 30
93
4 Square Step test is done for what age group of people
those over the age of 30
94
4 parts of the Standardized Physical examination
1. Body Mass
2. Mental function
3. Sensation
4. Vital Signs
95
UE strength is measured thru what
Push Up test or Hand Held Dynamometer
96
10m walk test measures what
Locomotion speed
97
Single leg stance measures what
static balance
98
Hexagon agility test or the 4 square step test measures what
dynamic balance
99
Apley scratch test and reach measure what
mobility/flexibility
100
Sit to stand measures what
Strength
101
Mental function is part of what part of the annual exam
Standardized Physical Examination
102
How long to hold PNF stretch
6 seconds
103
muscle being prevented from firiing short time after strong contraction due to GTO being stimulated
Afterdischarge
104
Muscles that help with anterior scapular elevation
levator scap, upper trap, serratus ant
105
Muscles that help with posterior scapular depression
rhomboids, lats
106
Muscles that help with anterior dpression of scapula
serratus anterior, pec major/minor
107
Muscles that help with posterior elevation of scapula
traps and levator scapulae
108
Muscles that help with anterior elevation of pelvis
Ipsilateral internal and external obliques
109
Muscles that help with posterior depression of pelvis
Contralateral internal and external obliques
110
Muscles that help with posterior elevation of pelvis
Ipsilateral QL, iliocostalis, longissimus
111
Muscles that help with anterior dperession of pelvis
Contralteral QL, iliocostalis, and longissimus
112
LE D1 flex
Flexion-Adduction-ER
113
LE D1 ext
Extension-Abduction-IR
114
LE D2 flex
Flexion-Abduction-IR
115
LE D2 ext
Extension-Adduction-ER
116
UE D1 flexion
Flexion-Adduction-ER
117
UE D1 ext
Extension-Abduction-IR
118
UE D2 flex
Flexion-Abduction-ER
119
UE D2 ext
Extension-Adduction-IR
120
doing 2 exercises back to back for opposing muscles group
supersetting
121
2 exercises back to back for the same muscle group
compound setting
122
most important factor in a PRE program
Load
123
Volume =
sets x reps
124
Volume load =
sets x reps x load
125
Rest periods for strength
2-5 min
126
Rest periods for power
2-5 min
127
Rest periods for Hypertrophy
30 seconds - 1.5 min
128
Rest periods for endurance
less than 30 seconds
129
when to incr the load
when the person can do 2 more reps in a set for 2 consecutive workouts
130
How long rest to allow between workouts
42-72 hours
131
Frequency of training a week
2-3 days per week on non-consecutive days
132
BMI over what is obese
30
133
Limit fat intake to no more than ____% of total energy intake
30%
134
How many min to exercise to prevent weight gain
More than 250 min
135
What is the Classic (linear) model of periodization
high initial training volume and low intensity then over time reduce volume and increased intensity (load) to maximize strength
136
How much rest when working on strength doing multi joint exercises
2-3 min
137
How much rest when working on strength doing single joint exercises
1-2 min
138
when there is an intnetion to take action within the next 30 days
Preparation
139
When someone is aware that a change in behavior is needed and they are seriously considering change but have not yet taken action
Contemplation
140
Has made a positive change and are meeting recommendations associated with the behavior change
Action
141
3 phases of the Stretch-Shortening Cycle (SSC)
1. Eccentric
2. Amortization (transition)
3. Concentric
142
Work: Rest Ratios for plyometric training
1:5 or 1:10
143
Those with a PCL injury should limit their squat depth to how far
60 degrees
