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social 30-2 > New Deck > Flashcards

New Deck Flashcards

1
Q

Abject Poverty

A

Extreme poverty in which an individual lives on less than $1 per day

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2
Q

Aboriginal collective thought

A

a way of thinking that valuse the group more than the individual

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3
Q

Aboriginal Healing Foundation

A

a foundation created as a result of the Royal Commission of Aboriginal People who encourage and support Aboriginal People as they creat healing processes

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4
Q

Aboriginal Rights

A

include their land and treaty rights, and rights pertaining to their history, culture and language

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5
Q

Aboriginal Self-government

A

making their own decisions regarding their economy, education, culryue, use of natural resources, and other areas of concern for their well-being.

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6
Q

Adam Smith

A

(1723-1790) An influentail Scottish political economist who challenged the key ideas behind the mercantilist system and secribed how a free-market economy would work

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7
Q

Adherence to Collective Norm

A

Faithful observance of the norms or standards imposed on members of a group as a condition of membership in the group

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8
Q

Altruism

A

unselfishness and a focus on the needs of others

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9
Q

Anti-terrorism Act

A

a law passes by Canada’s Parliament in December 2001, in responce to the September 11,2001 terrorist attacks on the United States

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10
Q

anti-war movment

A

an organized campaign against war.

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11
Q

Assimilation

A

the process by ethnic or cultural groups adopt the culture of a dominant group and are absorbed into its society

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12
Q

Authoritarian Political Systems

A

Political systems in whicyh all decisions related to governing the state are made by a small group of people or by one person (military rulers, a leader, or a dictator)

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13
Q

Beliefs

A

the ideas and understandings that a person holds to be true

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14
Q

Bolsheviks

A

members of a wing of the Russian Social-democratic Workers’ Party, led by Vladimir Lenin

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15
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

a french work that refers to the social class that evolved in Europe during the Middle Ages with the development of cities and the growth in trade.

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16
Q

brinkmanship

A

international behaviour or foreign policy that takes a country to the brink of war

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17
Q

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

A

a document entreched in the constitutional Act, 1982 tghat lists and secribes the fundamental right and freedoms guaranteed to chanadians

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18
Q

Capitalism

A

an economic system based on free markets, fair competition, wise cunsumers, and profit-motivated producers, in which a minimum of government involvement is favourted

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19
Q

Capitalist

A

an economy that oiperates with limited government intervention

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20
Q

Censorship

A

restricting freedom of expressing or freedom of access to ideas or work

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21
Q

Centrally Planned Economy

A

an economic system based on public ownership of property, in which government planners dicide which goods to produce

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22
Q

Citizenship

A

membership by birth or naturalization in a society, community, or counrys

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23
Q

Civil Disobedience

A

interntional, public refusal to obey a law; usually a form of non-violent political protest

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24
Q

Class System

A

the division of a society into different classes ot people, usually bases on income or wealth

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25
Q

Classical Liberal

A

bases on the ideology of classical liberalism

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26
Q

Classical Liberalism

A

an ideology that is bass on the belief that the rights and freedoms of the indiviual should be the foundation for society.

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27
Q

Cold War

A

(1945-1991) an ideological conflict between the communist Soviet Union and its allies and the capitalist liberal democratic United States and its allies.

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28
Q

Collective Interest

A

the set of goals or ideals that members of a group pursue together and that will benefit the group as a whole

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29
Q

Collective Responsibility

A

a groups’ responsibility for the actions of indidual members, as well as the idea that individuals have a responsibility to the group that is greater than their individual responsibility

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30
Q

Collective Security

A

the mutual protection of the members of an organization against an outside threat

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31
Q

Collective Will

A

the wants or wishes or a group of people

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32
Q

Collectivism

A

an ideology that places the meeds and goals of the collectibve, or group, before those of any individual member of the group

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33
Q

Command Economy

A

an economic system bases on public ownership of property, in which government planners decide which goods to produce, how to produce them and how they should be distributed

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34
Q

Common Good

A

the food of a community, something that benefits the public health, safty, and/or well-being of society as a whole

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35
Q

Communism

A

an ideology bases on the belief that the oppreswses working class must overcome its property-owning oppressors through revolution

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36
Q

Competition

A

the struggle among two or more people or groups for an economic, social or political advantage

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37
Q

Consensus Decision Making

A

a form of dicision making whereby indiciduals in a group share ideas, solutions and concerns to fins a resolution that all members of the group can accept

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38
Q

Constitution Act

A

(1867-1982) the act originally passes by the British Parliament that establishes Canada and its form of government

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39
Q

Constitutional Monarchy

A

a political system in which a monarch shares pwoer with a constitutionally organized government

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40
Q

Containment

A

the US cold War foreign policy of stopping to spread of communism by establishing strategic allies arounf the world through trade and military alliances

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41
Q

Co-operation

A

people working together to accomplish common goals,a principle emphasized by collectivest ideologies

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42
Q

Crown Corporations

A

companies owned by canadian federal or provincial government, which are formed to serve the commom good

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43
Q

Crown Land

A

government-owner land, which is often rented or leases to individuals or companies for profit

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44
Q

Compulsory Enfranchisement

A

the automatic loss of status and rights provided by the Indian Act, and the gaining of citizenship rights

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45
Q

Debt

A

an obligation to pay back borrowed money, example is Credit-card debt

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46
Q

Democracy

A

a political system in which the people have the power to make or influence government decisions directly ot indirectly through such processes as free election

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47
Q

Democratic Socialism

A

a political ideology that advocates a peaceful, evolutionary transition of society from capitalism to socialism through democratic means

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48
Q

Detente

A

a period of the Cold War fron the mid-1960s to 1979 duing which the major powers treid to lessen the tensions between them through diplomany, treaties, arms talks and reductions, and cultural exchanges

49
Q

Deterrence

A

The Cold War foreign policy of both major powers, aiming to deter the military advances of the other through developing and building up arms, eespecially nuclear weapons

50
Q

Dictator

A

a indicidual ruler or a small group that has complete control over the laws by which its people live, and thereby control the economy, social structure, and political decisionmakeing of the country

51
Q

Dictatorship

A

a form of government in which one person or a small group possesses absolute power

52
Q

Direct Democracy

A

a form of democratic government in which people participate directly in political decision makeing operating on the belief that every citizen’s voice is important and necessary for an orderly and efficient society

53
Q

Distribution of Wealth

A

How that wealth and income generated by an economy are divided or shared among the different groups that make up a society

54
Q

Economic Equality

A

a principle common to collectivist ideologies, which can have different meanings depending on the person or the ideology.

55
Q

Economic Freedom

A

the ability of individuals to act freely as consumers and producers within an economic system

56
Q

Egalitarianism

A

an ideology that holds that all pwoplw should be treated as equals and have the same political, civil, economic and social rights under the law

57
Q

Emergencies Act

A

a set of laws that permits the Canadian government to invoke special measures to deal with emergencies

58
Q

Enfranchisement

A

granting people the rights of citizens, especially the right to vote. Until 1960, for first Nations people in Canada, this also meant fiving up or abandoning their First Nations or Indian status

59
Q

Environment

A

our surroundings; can mean either the natural world around us, includeing all plants and animals, the air, the soil and the water, or out social or cultural surroundings

60
Q

Environmental Concerns

A

areas of specific concern regarding the natural environment of the planet

61
Q

Environmentalism

A

a political and ethical ideology that focuses on protecting the natural environment and lessening the harmful effects that human activities have on ecosystems

62
Q

Equal Opportunity/Opportunities

A

policies and practices in employment and other areas that do not discriminate against individuals on the basis of race, color, age, gender, national origin, religion, or mental or physical disability

63
Q

Equitable distibution of income and wealth

A

the idea that all people should earn euqal income for work of similar value

64
Q

Eugenics

A

an ideology based on the premise that all human physical and mental characteristics are passes on through biiological heredity

65
Q

Excessive Intrusion

A

government interfering in personal or business matters to what some people consider an unreasonable extent

66
Q

Expansionism

A

a political and military policy of taking over additional territory through the violation of another country’s sovereignty

67
Q

Extremism

A

the action or ideologies of individuals or groups outside what is considered acceptable in a society

68
Q

Fascism

A

an authoritarian system of government that includes extreme militaristic nationalism, a belief in the rulse of elites, and a totalitarian society in which individual interests are subordinated to the good of the nation-state

69
Q

Feminism

A

a political movment involving organized efforts to achieve political, social,a dn economic equality for women

70
Q

First Nations

A

Aboriginal people, who were once called Indians, descendant of the original inhabitants of Canada

71
Q

First Past the Post

A

an electoral system in which the candidate with the most votes in an electoral district wins the election

72
Q

Flat Tax

A

a tax system in which taxpayers at all levels of income are taxed at the same rate

73
Q

Free-market Economy

A

an economic system that operates with limited government intervention

74
Q

Free Vote

A

a special vote in which legislators are free to vote as they chooses rather than according to the policy of their political party

75
Q

Fundamental Right

A

the key rights with which, some believe, all human beings are born, such as the right to life, liberty and security

76
Q

Global warming

A

an invrease in the average temp. of the eath’s atmosphere

77
Q

Government Intervention

A

actions taken by government to influence the economy

78
Q

Govenor General

A

in Canada, the appornted respresentative of the Crown who exercises a largely ceremonial exective role as Canada’s head pf state in parliament and in public events

79
Q

Grassroots Movement

A

a campaign that usually begins when a few people share a belief about how a situation must change

80
Q

Great Depression

A

an economic crisis that began with the stock market crash in 1929 and continued through the 1930’s

81
Q

Great Law of Peace

A

the constitution of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy outlining a form of governance bases on the caluse of peace, power, and righteousness

82
Q

Haudenosaunee Confederacy

A

an alliance of six First Nation: Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca and Tuscarora

83
Q

Health Crises

A

situations where there is the threat of a disease spreading widely and quickly or where there are other medical or health-related emergencies such as famine,drought, or infestations of insects or other organisms

84
Q

Human Interdependence

A

the idea that individyals do not live their lives in isolation, but rather depenf on one another in many ways

85
Q

Humanitarian Crises

A

disasters such as famines, pandemics, natural calmitiese (earthquakes), or wars that cause great hardship and loss

86
Q

Humanitarianism

A

an ideology bases on trying to imprve other people’s lliving conditions, such as providing care for those in need or trying to stop human rights violations

87
Q

Human Rights

A

the rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled

88
Q

Ideological Conflict

A

a struggle between two distinct and opposing sets of beliefs and values

89
Q

Ideological Spectrum

A

a diagram on which ideologies can be organized according to a particular set of criteria

90
Q

Ideology

A

a system or thought bases on beliefs and valuse that include ideas about how the world works

91
Q

Imposition

A

forcing something on people whether they want it or not

92
Q

Indian Act

A

an act of Canada’s Parlienebt first passes in 1876, since amended many times, dealing with the governanve of First Nations reserves

93
Q

Individualism

A

an ideology that valuse the rights and freedoms of the individual, often above the security and harmony of the whole group

94
Q

Individual rights and freedoms

A

the rights associated with personal liberty, such as freedom of religion and of associathion, and the right to lifem liberty and the security of the person

95
Q

Industrializtion

A

the process of introducing technology to produce goods, which results in mass production and mass consumption within a society

96
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

economic and social change, such as the ones that began in England in the late 18th century

97
Q

Interest groups

A

organizations that seek to influence elected officials

98
Q

Internet Censorship

A

the act of restriction freedom of expression of of access to ideas or work on the Internet

99
Q

Inuit

A

Aboriginal people in northern Canada living generally north of the tree line in Nunavut

100
Q

John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)

A

an influentail British political thinker, whoses essay is seen as one of the most important origins of liberal thought

101
Q

Labour Standards

A

Government-enforced rules and standards aimed at providing soafe, clean working environments and protecting workers’ rights

102
Q

Labour Unions

A

organized groups of workers who try to improve the working conditions and wages for a specific group or workers or for an entire industry

103
Q

Laissez-faire

A

a french term meaning “leave alone” or “let it be”

104
Q

Land Holding

A

ideas and practices related to access and rights to the use of land

105
Q

Leadership

A

demonstration the ability to lead a group of pwoplw to get something done, address a cause, or resolve a problem

106
Q

Leninism

A

a political ideology bases on Russian leader Vladinir Lenin’s interpretation of communism

107
Q

Liberal Democracy

A

a form of government in which the rights and freedoms of the indivisual are guaranteed, including the rights of individuals to vote for the political leaders of their country

108
Q

Liberalism

A

an ideology based of the importance of individual liberly and the valuse of individualism

109
Q

Liberation Movements

A

people’s military and political struggles for independence from countries that have colonized or otherwise oppressed them

110
Q

Lieutenant-governor

A

the appornted representatine of the Crown in each province

111
Q

Limited Government

A

the principle of minimal government intervention in the lives of individuals and in the workings of an economy

112
Q

Majority Government

A

a government formed by the party

113
Q

Metis

A

people of mixed Firs Nations and European ancestry who identify themselves as Metis

114
Q

Millennium Development Goals

A

worldwide goals for the new millennium as sat out bu the United Mations in 2000

115
Q

Minority Government

A

a government formed when the governing politival party holds fewer then half of the total seatsin the house of Commons

116
Q

Mixed Economy

A

an economic system in which free-market principles and combined with some degree of government

117
Q

Modern Liberalism

A

an ideology that developer over time to address concern with the inequality and injustices

118
Q

Monopolies

A

companies with exclusive ownership of trade in a particular product

119
Q
A

social 30-2 (1 decks)

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