New Deal and 100 days

Question 1

What did FDR promise in the 1932 elections?

Answer 1

Promised a recovery from the Great Depression
Revive the economy
Relief to the poor and unemployed
Protection for workers
Rid prohibition

Question 2

What did Hoover promise?

Answer 2

The Great Turnaround

Continuation of laissez faire and rugged individualism approach to running America

Question 3

Why did FDR win the 1932 election?

Answer 3

Hoover disliked and blamed for Great Depression
Hoover came across as cold and uncaring
FDR came across as caring
Hoovers immediate actions were ineffective- Hoover Dam project
FDR used polio disability to show his strength, resembling America.

Question 4

What evidence is there that Hoover was disliked?

Answer 4

Hoovervilles

Iowa farmers “In Hoover we trusted- now we are busted”.

Question 5

What were Hoover’s policies?

Answer 5

Good example of the American Dream
Believed in rugged individualism
Laissez faire approach to government
Acted to help economic recovery- Hoover Dam

Question 6

What were FDR’s policies and actions?

Answer 6

New Deal
The 100 days
Alphabet agencies
Fireside chats

Question 7

What were the New Deal’s three R’s?

Answer 7

Relief
Recovery
Reform

Question 8

What was the New Deal?

Answer 8

Started up the alphabet agencies to reduce unemployment and get industry running again to kickstart the economy.
Rebuilt devastated areas from the depression and the dust bowl.
Corrupt banks were shut down to reduce corrupt in American industry and to prevent irresponsible banking.
Introduced banking regulations

Question 9

What were the main alphabet agencies?

Answer 9

NRA - National recovery administration
WPA - Works progress administration
TVA - Tennessee Valley Authority
HOLC - Home Owners’ Loan Corporation

Question 10

What was the NRA?

Answer 10

NRA increased workers wages
Banned child employment.
Created many more jobs.
NRA introduced fair business, prices, wages and competition.
Businesses either joined the NRA or public wouldn’t go there, but then those businesses had to pay higher wages, therefore smaller companies couldn’t afford to join the NRA, so went out of business.

Question 11

What was the WPA?

Answer 11

Created projects like building and maintaining infrastructure, in order to provide employment
Also to get wages into peoples homes so that they can spend money again to kickstart the economy
But many WPA jobs seems as pointless like counting cattle
WPA jobs called “leaning on a shovel”

Question 12

Successes of the New Deal?

Answer 12

WPA and NRA provided lots of employment.
TVA, HOLC and the Banking Securities Act helped to stabilise peoples life, property and saving.
Fireside chats boosted national morale.

Question 13

Failures of the New Deal?

Answer 13

WPA jobs were short term and useless, “leaning on a shovel”, therefore many employees became unemployed again quickly.
NRA higher wages made many smaller businesses bust.
New Deal cost a lot.
Higher taxes on higher class to give to someone lower class - anti rugged individualism and American attitudes.
Government aid - against the American Dream.

Question 14

What was the “100 days”?

Answer 14

When FDR took ‘broad executive power’ as America’s state at the start of 1933 warranted a national emergency.
FDR used this to push through congress 15 major bills.

Question 15

What did FDR do in the “100 days”?

Answer 15

• Issued a 4 day bank holiday in which he shut 5000 banks and shut the whole financial system
• Only reopened honest banks
• Gov’t supported banks through loans to build financial stability and confidence. This worked as $1 billion dollars was redeposited in banks on day of reopening.
• Pushed through congress 15 major bills
• Used fireside chats to boost public morale