new book Ch1 weather

Question 1

atmosphere

Answer 1

A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet or moon.

Question 2

air pressure

Answer 2

The measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface

Question 3

troposphere

Answer 3

layer of Earth’s amosphere closest to Earth’s surface (where weather takes place and where most pollution occurs)

Question 4

stratosphere

Answer 4

12 to 50 km, Ozone held here, absorbs UV radiation

Question 5

mesosphere

Answer 5

3rd layer of the atmosphere

Question 6

thermosphere

Answer 6

The uppermost layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude increases

Question 7

radiation

Answer 7

Energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles.

Question 8

thermal conduction

Answer 8

the transfer of energy as heat through a material

Question 9

convection

Answer 9

Process by which, in a fluid being heated, the warmer part of the mass will rise and the cooler portions will sink.

Question 10

greenhouse effect

Answer 10

Natural situation in which heat is retained in Earth’s atmosphere by carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and other gases

Question 11

global warming

Answer 11

An increase in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere (especially a sustained increase that causes climatic changes)

Question 12

wind

Answer 12

The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure

Question 13

coriolis

Answer 13

(physics) an effect whereby a body moving in a rotating frame of reference experiences the Coriolis force acting perpendicular to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation

Question 14

polar easterlies

Answer 14

Prevailing winds that blow from east to west between 60degrees-90degrees latitude in both hemisphere.

Question 15

westerlies

Answer 15

Dominant winds of the mid-latitudes. These winds move from the subtropical highs to the subpolar lows from west to east.

Question 16

trade winds

Answer 16

Prevailing winds that blow northeast from 30 degrees north latitude to the equator and that blow southeast from 30 degrees south latitude to the equator

Question 17

jet stream

Answer 17

a high-speed high-altitude airstream blowing from west to east near the top of the troposphere

Question 18

air pollution

Answer 18

Concentration of trace substances such as carbon monoxide, sulfur oxide, hydrocarbons, and solid particulates, at a greater level than occurs in average air.

Question 19

acid precipitation

Answer 19

Conversion of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides to acids that return to Earth as rain, snow, or fog