Neurotransmitters and receptors Flashcards
Main neurotransmitters and their receptors in autonomic and somatic nervous systems
Acteylcholine - cholinergic receptors
Norepinephrine - adrenergic receptors
Where is acetylcholine neurotransmitter?
Autonomic ganglia.
Parasympathetic neuroeffector junctions.
Somatic neuromuscular junctions.
Some sympathetic neuroeffector junctions (sweat glands, skeletal muscles)
Neurotransmitters of enteric nervous system (7 neurotransmitters)
Neuropeptide Y Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide Ekephalin Substance P Serotonin ATP Nitric oxide
Types of cholinergic receptors and their locations
Muscarinic receptors (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) - parasympathetic neuroeffector junctions. Nicotinic receptors - All autonomic ganglia, somatic neuromuscular junctions, brain.
General effects of M3 activation (2 effects)
Smooth muscle contraction
Gland secretion
General effect of M2 activation (1 effect)
Cardiac slowing
Effect of M1 activation
Modulation of neurotransmission (centrally and peripherally)
Effect of nicotinic receptor activation (2 effects)
Autonomic ganglia: excites neurotransmission.
Skeletal muscle: muscle contraction
Sympathetic effect of muscarinic activation (1 effect)
Sweating (M3, M2)
Both M3 and M2 receptors cause (9 effects)
Miosis, accomodation, lacrimation Mucus secretion in nose and lungs Salivation Bronchoconstriction Hydrochloric acid secretion in stomach Increased intestinal motility
Unique effects of M2 receptor activation (2 effects)
Decreased heart rate
Decreased atrioventricular conduction
Unique effects of M3 receptor activation (2 effects)
Erection
Micturation
Types of adrenergic receptors
α-adrenoceptors
β-adrenoceptors
Unique effects of α1-adrenoceptor activation (5 effects)
Mydriasis Vasoconstriction Salivation Urinary retention Ejaculation
Unique effects of β1-adrenoceptor activation (4 effects)
Increased heart rate
Increased atrioventricular conduction
Increased cardiac contractility
Renin secretion
