Neurotransmitters and receptors

Question 1

cholinergic neurons

Answer 1

Bind with acetylcholine

Question 2

adrenergic neurons

Answer 2

norepinephrine or epinephrine

Question 3

Presynaptic, autonomic neurons are all

Answer 3

cholinergic

Question 4

Sympathetic, postganglionic neurons

Answer 4

are adrenergic

Question 5

parasympathetic, postganglionic neurons are

Answer 5

cholinergic

Question 6

cholinergic receptors are characterized as

Answer 6

Muscarinic or nicotinic

Question 7

Muscarinic

Answer 7

when acetylcholine binds it initiates a G protein mediated response

Excitatory or inhibitory

Regulates glands, smooth muscles, heart rate

Question 8

nicotinic

Answer 8

activated by nicotine

acetylcholine binding equals fast induction of excitatory post synaptic potential
Nicotine binding equals increased task performance and attention

Question 9

what is the common sympathetic postganglionic neurotransmitter

Answer 9

norepinephrine

Question 10

epinephrine and norepinephrine are released directly into the blood by

Answer 10

the adrenal medulla

Receptors that bind epinephrine and norepinephrine are adrenergic receptors

Question 11

adrenergic receptors

Answer 11

bind norepinephrine or epinephrine

two groups alpha and beta with subtypes for each

Question 12

adrenergic receptors are mostly found

Answer 12

Peripheral smooth muscle
the heart
bronchial smooth muscle

Question 13

Which receptors are mainly found in the bronchi smooth muscle

Answer 13

beta 2 adrenergic receptors
Bronchial tree dilation for greater airflow

Question 14

Skeletal muscle arterial walls have primarily which receptors

Answer 14

alpha adrenergic receptors

Norepinephrine binding equals vasoconstriction

Important for regulating blood pressure

Question 15

blood pressure can be decreased by using Alpha blockers to

Answer 15

Block the norepinephrine binding in the blood vessel.

(vasodilation, decrease blood pressure)

Question 16

beta blockers are used to treat high blood pressure by

Answer 16

Preventing sudden increases in the heart rate and decrease the probability of arrhythmic contractions of the heart

(cardiac arrhythmias, MI, )

Decreases heart rate and contractility

Question 17

beta 2 agonists prevents

Answer 17

prevents airway constriction, asthma, and COPD

Question 18

Primary role of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 18

Maintain optimal blood supply to the organs

Question 19

other important roles of the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 19

fight or flight response induced by fear
Pupil dilation
bronchodilation
Cardiac acceleration
Digestion inhibited
Piloerection
glucose release stimulated
Systemic vasoconstriction

Question 20

body temperature regulation from sympathetic activity

Answer 20

epinephrine is released by the adrenal medulla and increases metabolic rate
The byproduct is heat

sympathetics control the diameter of blood vessels, sweat glands, secretion, and piloerection

Question 21

Primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 21

Energy conservation and storage

Question 22

other functions of the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 22

Rest and digest
Pupillary constriction cranial nerve three
Bronco constriction cranial nerve 10
Decreased heart rate cranial nerve 10
Digestion stimulated
Salivation cranial nerves, seven and nine
Lacrimation cranial nerve seven
Intestinal vasodilation
Sacral efferents- bowel and bladder emptying and erection