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Neurotransmitters > Neurotransmitters and NMJ > Flashcards

Neurotransmitters and NMJ Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 ways to block neuromuscular transmission

A

Pre-synaptically (inhibiting Ach synthesis)
Pre-synaptically by inhibiting Ach release
Post-synaptically by interfering with actions of ACh on the receptor

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2
Q

What would stop ACh release?

A

anaesthetics and inhibitors/competitors of calcium
neurotoxins

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3
Q

How does botulinum toxin affect Neurotransmission?

A

By blocking Ach release

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4
Q

When would we use drugs to block the neuromuscular junction?

A

During surgery

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4
Q

When would we use drugs to block the neuromuscular junction?

A

During surgery

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5
Q

What is the only clinical agonist of nicotinic receptors?

A

suxamethonium

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6
Q

what are 4 criteria that a molecule must satisfy to be deemed as a neurotransmitter

A
  1. synthesis - made presynaptically
  2. storage - NT must be stored presynaptically
  3. Release - NT must be released on demand
  4. Inactivation - must be inactivated
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7
Q

Name 3 amino acids

A

glutamate, gaba and glycine

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8
Q

name 3 amines that are catecholamines

A

noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine

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9
Q

serotonin is a type of amine specifically ____

A

indolamine

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10
Q

Name 3 peptides

A

encephalin, endorphin and dynorphin

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11
Q

Primary excitatioRy NTS IN CNS

A

glutamate

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12
Q

primary inhibitory NTS in CNS

A

GABA

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13
Q

Name 3 things that occur with dysfunction of glutamate

A

EXITOTOXICITY, MIGRAINES, EPILEPSY

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14
Q

what receptors do benzodiazepines work on

A

GABAa

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15
Q

clostridium tetani causes what disease

A

tetanus by inhibiting release of glycine

16
Q

how are seizures treated?

A

phenytoin and benzodiazepenes

17
Q

what is the MOA of benzodiazepenes

A

They bind to an allosteric site on GABA receptors which means GABA can open the channel more often, having an overall inhibitory response

18
Q

what channels does GABA act on?

A

ligand gated chloride channels

19
Q

tetanus can be treated by?

A

anti toxin and benzodiazepines

20
Q

depleted dopamine in motor co-ordination system is associated with what disease

A

parkinsons

21
Q

over production of dopamine in the mesolimbic system is associated with what condition

A

schizophrenia

22
Q

what is fluoxetine

A

SSRI

23
Q

How does MDMA work

A

causes release of serotonin and then prevents re-uptake of it

24
Q

what is the NTS at the NMJ

A

ACh

25
Q

what disease is associated with dysfunction (reduction) of ACh in the CNS

A

Alzheimer’s disease

26
Q

how do anticholinesterases work

A

prevent breakdown of ACh to prolong its acitivty

27
Q

what is pilocarpine

A

non-selective muscarinic agonist used in glaucoma and constricts pupils by acting on M receptors

28
Q

what drug could be used in bladder and GI hypotonia

A

bethanechol

Neurotransmitters (1 decks)

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