Neurotransmitters

Question 1

Glutamate

Answer 1

Stimulatory
Ionotropic receptors: AMPA (Na and K) and NMDA (Na, K, Ca)
Involved with motor pathways

Question 2

GABA

Answer 2

Inhibitory
GABAa receptors are Cl channels (hyperpolarize the cell)
GABAb receptors are metabotropic (either inhibit Ca or activate K). Also inhibit adenylyl cylase.
Benzos enhance GABA receptor actions

Question 3

Glycine

Answer 3

Inhibitory

Receptor is permeable to Cl

Question 4

Acetylcholine

Answer 4

Nicotinic - Na channels
Muscarinic - metabotropic receptor reducing cAMP or increasing Ca. Increases K perm. Involved with cognitive function and memory.

Question 5

Dopamine

Answer 5

D1 receptors: important for substancia nigra to neostriatum projections. Acts to suppress GABA release (inhibits and inhibitor). Increases K conductance. VTA involved in psychoses.

D2 receptor: VTA to limbic projections. Has a slow inhibitory action. Antipsychotics work to antagonize these receptors.

Question 6

Norepinephrine

Answer 6

Inhibitory. Acts via alpha2 receptors to increase K conductance (hyperpolarize).

Other receptors involved with attention and arousal.

Question 7

Serotonin

Answer 7

5HT3 receptor is ionotropic and excitatory (conducts cations)

5HT2a is metabotropic and is inhibitory?