Neurotransmitters Flashcards
Glutatmante AMPA ionotropic/ metabtropic
ionotropic
How does AMPA work
Na fast activation
NMDA is ionotrpic or metabotropic
ionotrpic
how does NMDA work
Mainly Ca, but some Na and K, Ca signaling cascade
how is NMDA regulated
voltage gated dependent Mg block and requires glycine to be activated
what is NMDA’s function?
synaptic plasticity
what are 2 NMDA antagonists
PCP ketamine
Kainate is a receptor for which NT
glutamate
how does Kainate work
Na, slow activation
how do Metabotropic glutamate recpetors work
g proteins to alter Ca or adenyl cylase
What function do metabotropic gluatmate receptors have?
memory
Is GabaA ionotrpic or metabotropic and how does it work
ionotropic, Cl-, hyperpolarizing
GabaA g subunit does what
increase affinity for GABA and increase frequency of opening of chloride channel
GabaA b subunit does what and used with which kind of drugs
- increase affinity for GABA and incrase frequency of opening of chloride channel
- use primarily w/ anesthesia and seizure disorders
GabaB is ionotropic/metabotropic and works how
Metabotropic
stimulate K and close Ca, so hyperpolarizing
GabaB what drugs is an agonist
baclofen which is used for ALS
Gaba C aka A-p is ionotrpic or metabotropic, where is it expressed, and what drugs is it acted on by
ionotropic
retina, spinal cord, pituitary
not modualted by benzos, barbs or baclofen
Nicotonic acetylcholine receptors are ionotropic/ metabotropic
ionotrpic
What are 3 agonists for nicotonic acetylcholine receptors
nicotine, epibatidine, choline
muscarinicacetylcholine receptors are ionotropic/ metabotropic
metabotrpic, G coupled
Where are M2 acetylcholine receptors found
heart
where are M3 acetylcholine receptors found
smooth muscles
What is atropine
- which subunit
- 2 indications
ACh M1-5 antagonists
mydriatic
What is Scopolamine
- which subunit
- 2 indications
M1 antagonist
motion sickness
salivation
muscarine is an agonist for which subunits
M1-2
carbachol is what
muscarinic agonist on M1-5
pilocarbine is what
- used for what
muscarinic agonist on M3
used for glaucoma
serotonin and melatonins are what class of monoamines?
Trptamines
Steps in Epinephrine synthesis
L-tyrosine , L-DoPa, Dopamine, Norepi, epinephrine
Serotonin structure
look it up
which receptors are in D1 family of dopamine receptors
d1 , d5
is d1 family of dopamine receptors excitatory or inhibitory
excitatory
where is norepi produced in the brain (2)
Locus Coeruleus, Caudal Raphe Nucleus
Norepi increase via clonidine is used for waht 4 indications
neuropathic pain, opioid detox, ADHD, tourette’s
where is serotonin produced
raphe nucleus
serotonin involved in
anger, aggression, mood, sleep, sexuality, appetite, pain
action of CB1
inhibits GABA and Glutamate release
what is anandamine
endogenous CB1 agonist that attenuates pain
THC is an agonist of CB1 or CB2
1
opioid receptors are ionotropic or metabotrpic
metabotropic
what does PCP stand for
phencyclidine
effector pathway for norepi
intracellular mediation of cAMP
do amphetamines affect serotonin
yes
serotonin used for what clinically (5)
depression, migraine, anxiety, sleep disorders, and pain
