Neurotransmitters Flashcards
Dextromethorphan
Glutamate
NMDA antagonist
dissociative
cough suppressant
abuse potential
Ketamine
Glutamate
NMDA antagonist
dissociative
sedative
antidepressant
anesthetic
abuse potential
Memantine
Glutamate
NMDA antagonist
sedative
Alzheimer’s
Phencyclidine
Glumatme
a.k.a. PCP or angel dust
NMDA antagonist
dissociative
abused
Baclofen
GABA
GABA-b receptor Agonist
Treats muscle spasms
off-label uses to manage Alcohol cravings and Alcohol-induced anxiety.
Benzodiazepines (drug class)
GABA
GABA-a receptor Agonist
Treats seizures, anxiety disorders, insomnia, sedative.
Alprazolam
GABA
GABA-a receptor Agonist
Benzodiazepine
Clonazepam
GABA
GABA-a receptor Agonist
Benzodiazepine
Diazepam
GABA
GABA-a receptor Agonist
Benzodiazepine
Flunitrazepam
GABA
GABA-a receptor Agonist
Benzodiazepine
Lorazepam
GABA
GABA-a receptor Agonist
Benzodiazepine
Temazepam
GABA
GABA-a receptor Agonist
Benzodiazepine
Zolpidem
GABA
GABA-a receptor Agonist
Treats insomnia
Alcohol
GABA
GABA-a receptor Agonist
Sodium Oxybate
GABA
GABA-a + GABAb Agonist
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate a.k.a. GHB
Treats Narcolepsy with cataplexy, Street drug hypnotic, an endogenous ligand, and GABA precursor.
Flumazenil
GABA
GABA-a antagonist
treats Benzodiazepine overdose
Sumatriptan
Serotonin
5HT1B and 5HT1D Receptor Agonist
treats migraine symptoms (photophobia, nausea, headache)
Ondansetron
Serotonin
5HT3 Receptor Antagonist
treats nausea and vomiting (common use in Emergency Medicine).
Brain Area Postrema
Sertraline
Serotonin
SSRI
Treats Depression
Fluoxetine
Serotonin
SSRI
Treats Depression
Citalopram
Serotonin
SSRI
Treats Depression
Trazodone
Serotonin
SSRI
Treats Depression
Escitalopram
Serotonin
SSRI
Treats Depression
Paroxetine
Serotonin
SSRI
Treats Depression
Duloxetine
Serotonin
Norepinephrine
SNRI
Treats Depression
Venlafaxine
Serotonin
Norepinephrine
SNRI
Treats Depression
Ropinirole
Dopamine
D2 receptor Agonist
Treats Parkinson’s and Restless Legs Syndrome
Pramipexole
Dopamine
D2 + D3 receptor Agonist
Treats Parkinson’s and Restless Legs Syndrome
Quetiapine
Dopamine
D2 receptor Anatgonist
Treats Schizophrenia and Acute Mania in Bipolar
Risperidone
Dopamine
D2 receptor Anatgonist
Treats Schizophrenia, acute manic episodes in bipolar,
autism-associated irritability
Aripiprazole
Dopamine
D2 receptor partial Agonist (inhibitory)
treats schizophrenia and acute manic episodes in bipolar
Amphetamine
Dopamine
dopamine reuptake transporter inhibitor
norepinephrine reuptake transporter inhibitor
monoamine oxidase inhibitor
Methylphenidate
Dopamine
dopamine reuptake transporter inhibitor
norepinephrine reuptake transporter inhibitor
Cocaine
Dopamine
dopamine reuptake transporter inhibitor
norepinephrine reuptake transporter inhibitor
Albuterol
Norepinephrine
Beta2 agonist
treats bronchospasm in patients with obstructive airway disease
Salmeterol
Norepinephrine
Beta2 agonist
treats asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and bronchospasm
Formoterol
Norepinephrine
Beta2 agonist
treats asthma and COPD
Clonidine
Norepinephrine
Alpha2 agonist
lowers blood pressure, treats attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), tics in Tourette Syndrome, cancer pain
Tizanidine
Norepinephrine
Alpha2 agonist
treats muscle spasticity due to multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury
Beta-Blockers (drug class)
Norepinephrine
Blocks Beta receptors
treats hypertension, acute anxiety (off label)
Atenolol
Norepinephrine
Beta1 antagonist
Beta2 antagonist
Atenolol treats hypertension, angina pectoris, and acute myocardial infarction
Metoprolol
Norepinephrine
Beta1 antagonist
treats hypertension, angina, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation
Carvedilol
Norepinephrine
Non-selective Beta antagonist
treats hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction
Propranolol
Norepinephrine
Beta1 & Beta2 antagonist
treats hypertension, angina. Extensive off-label use for acute anxiety sympathetic nervous system responses
Nebivolol
Norepinephrine
Beta1 antagonist
treats hypertension
Mirtazapine
Norepinephrine
Alpha2 antagonist
treats depression
Benztropine
Acetylcholine
M1 Antagonist
Treats Parkinson’s Disease
Alpha Neurotoxins
Acetylcholine
N1 & N2 Antagonist
the key component in snake venom
Inhibits the neuromuscular junction
Donepezil
Acetylcholine
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
treats Alzheimer’s Disease
Hydrocodone
Opiate system
Mu, Kappa, and Delta receptor agonist
treats severe pain, cough
Tramadol
Opiate system
Mu, (likely Kappa, and Delta) receptor agonist
treats severe pain
Oxycodone
Opiate system
Mu, Kappa, and Delta receptor agonist
treats severe pain
Morphine
Opiate system
Mu, Kappa, and Delta receptor agonist
treats severe pain
Naltrexone
Opiate system
Mu receptor antagonist
Naltrexone treats alcohol use disorder, opioid dependence, and opiate toxicity
Antihistamines
Histamine
Histamine Receptor Antagonists
treats seasonal allergies
Caffeine
Adenosine
A2a receptor antagonist
Naloxone
Opiate system
Mu receptor antagonist
Treats acute opiate overdose
