Neurotoxicology

Question 1

What is neurotoxicity

Answer 1

Adverse change in the structure or function of the CNS and/or PNS following exposure to a chemical

Question 2

What can neurotoxicity result in

Answer 2

Impairment of functional capacity
Impairment of the capacity to compensate for additional stress
Increased susceptibility to other environmental influences

Question 3

What are the 3 mechanisms of neurotoxicity

Answer 3

Low level, chronic exposure
Poisoning
Increased risk or onset of neurological disorders

Question 4

What makes up the CNS

Answer 4

Brain and spinal cord

Question 5

What makes up the somatic PNS

Answer 5

Skeletal muscles

Question 6

What makes up the autonomic PNS

Answer 6

Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
Controls various organs and glands

Question 7

What is the role of the neurone

Answer 7

Receive and transmit information through chemical

Question 8

How can toxins cause rapid neurone death

Answer 8

High energy consumption to maintain resting membrane potential = high O2 requirements

Anything that deprives them of O2 = rapid death

Question 9

What supports long axons

Answer 9

Glia

Question 10

Describe astrocytes

Answer 10

Fill out spaces between neurones
Induce and stabilise neuronal connections
Regulate contents of extracellular

Question 11

Describe ependymal cells

Answer 11

Line ventricles
Guide cell migration during development