neuroscience in psychology Flashcards
what structures make up the limbic lobe?
cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus
where is the amygdala located?
anterior and medial to the hippocampus, in the medial aspect of the temporal lobe
where do the afferent projections to the amygdala come from?
diffuse cortical regions (esp frontal), cingulate gyrus, hypothalamus, parahippocampal gyrus, sensory systems
describe the direction of the papez circuit:
thalamus anterior nuclei–>cingulate gyrus–>cortex–>hippocampus–>hypothalamus–>thalamus
why are memories formed by emotional situations?
limbic system involved in aspects of learning and memory; anatomic structures involved in emotion share circuits with those involved in memory (and olfaction)
what is the role of the cingulate gyrus?
interpretation of input; learning and memory
what is the role of the hippocampus?
lay down new memories
how does benzodiazapines work in anxiety?
increase activity of gABA-A receptor, lead to GABA inhibitory effects on limbic system
define anxiety in relation to the limbic system:
anxiety is the production of physiological fear response through system activation in the absence of actual and immediate fear producing stimuli
where is the noradrenergic modulatory system located?
locaus coeruleus (pontomesencephalic junction)
what functions are the LC neurons involved in?
attention/arousal, sleep wake cycles, learning/memory, anxiety and pain, mood, brain metabolism, responsiveness and processing speed of the brain to new stimuli
where is the serotonergic modulatory system located?
raphe nuclei in the brainstem (9 pairs)
what functions are the raphe nuclei involved in?
wakefulness and arousal, sleep wake cycles
which modulatory systems make up the ARAS?
serotonergic and noradrenergic
where is the dopaminergic modulatory system located?
substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area (midbrain)
