Neuroscience Flashcards
Main purpose of the autonomic nervous system?
Maintain homeostasis
How is the autonomic nervous system divided?
parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems
Main role of parasympathetic nervous system
Rest and digest
Main role of sympathetic nervous system
fight or flight
Parasympathetic nervous systems mostly releases…
acetylcholine
Sympathetic nervous system mostly releases…
norepinephrine
When did the first nervous system develop?
550-600 million years ago
the nervous system is divided into the…
central and peripheral nervous systems
the peripheral nervous system is divided into the…
autonomic and somatic nervous systems
How many layers in the cortex are there and what are they called?
I. molecular II. external granular III. external pyramidal IV. internal granular V. internal pyramidal VI. multiform
Four lobes of the cortex
Occipital, frontal, temporal, and parietal
3 main brain structures
brain stem, cerebellum, and cerebrum
Brain stem is divided into … and it’s roles include [6 options]
Medula oblongata, pons, and midbrain … breathing, heart rate, body temperature, blood pressure, hunger and thirst
Role of thalamus
relaying sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex
The hypothalamus connects the ____ system to the ____ system via the ___ gland
nervous, endocrine, pituitary
What’s a ventricle?
a cavity cerebrospinal fluid
the head and neck area are controlled by [number] [name] nerves
12, cranial
The rate of cerebral blood flow in an adult is typically ___ milliliters per minute—__% of cardiac output.
750, 15%
most of the more than ____ identified neurotransmitters are synthesized from basic _______
100 … amino acids
when and by who was the first neurotransmitter discovered
1921 by Otto Loewi
neurotransmitters are divided into __ types based on molecular structure, what are they?
3: acetylcholine, biogenic amines, amino acids
Serotonin, GABA, Glycine are examples of [inhibitory, excitatory, or both] neurotransmitters
inhibitory
Epinephrine, Glutamate, Aspartate are examples of [inhibitory, excitatory, or both] neurotransmitters
excitatory
Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Acetylcholine are examples of [inhibitory, excitatory, or both] neurotransmitters
both
