Neuroradiology

Question 1

If you are using MRI to look at the brain, what plane is it if the lateral ventricles look dark in colour

Answer 1

T1

Question 2

If you are using MRI to look at the brain, what plane is it if the lateral ventricles look light

Answer 2

T2?

Question 3

What do the temporamandibular joint and middle ear ossicles articulate via

Answer 3

Synovial joints

Question 4

What is the Lambdoid Suture

Answer 4

It is between the occipital bone and the two parietal bones

Question 5

What is the Saggital Suture

Answer 5

Divides the two parietal bones in the midline

Question 6

What is the Coronal Suture

Answer 6

Between the frontal bone and the two parietal bones

Question 7

What is the Lamda

Answer 7

point at which two parietal bones meet together with the frontal bone

Question 8

What is the Bregma

Answer 8

Where saggital suture meets coronal suture

Question 9

Why is the Pterion significant clinically

Answer 9

Weaker areas of skull

Brain prone to haemorrhages

Question 10

What is the Metopic Suture

Answer 10

Extra suture in frontal bone of paediatric skull which allows for the growth of the brain

Question 11

Difference between a suture and a fracture

Answer 11

Sutures are jagged in appearance and symmetrical

Fractures are more linear and unilateral

Abnormal sutural widening is also indicative of a fracture

Question 12

What does asymmetry of the sinuses indicate

Answer 12

Injury even if a fracture can’t be seen

Question 13

If there is an absence of trauma, but there is asymmetry in sinuses, what could it be due to

Answer 13

Obstruction or infective or inflammatory sinus disease

Question 14

What are the different horns of the lateral ventricles and where are these

Answer 14

anterior horn- goes into frontal lobe

Body

Occipital horn- goes into occipital lobe

Temporal horn - goes into temporal lobe

Question 15

How does CSF flow from lateral ventricles into 3rd ventricles

Answer 15

Foramina of Munro

Question 16

How does CSF flow from 3rd ventricles into 4th ventricles

Answer 16

Cerebral aqueduct

Question 17

How does CSG flow from 4th ventricle into spine

Answer 17

Lateral apertures of Luschka

Medial aperture of Magendie

Question 18

What is on either side of the 3rd ventricle

Answer 18

Right and Left Thalamus

Question 19

What is the 4th ventricle at the level of

Answer 19

Pons

Question 20

What supplies the meninges

Answer 20

Middle Meningeal Artery

Question 21

Which foramen does the Middle meningeal Artery pass through

Answer 21

Foramen spinosum

Question 22

How do the Dural Venous Sinuses differ from normal systematic veins

Answer 22

They’re valveless and run independent of the arteries

Question 23

What do Dural Venous Sinuses predominantly drain into

Answer 23

Internal jugular veins

Question 24

What are Bridging Veins

Answer 24

Perforate through the meninges and allow venous drainage of the superficial cerebrum

Join to superior saggital sinus

Question 25

Why are Bridging Veins clinically significant

Answer 25

Prone to shearing in elderly patients leading to subdural haemorrhage Usually secondary to trauma but can be spontaneous

Question 26

Usual cause of extradural haemorrhage Vessels affected

Answer 26

Trauma | Middle meningeal artery, Dural venous sinus is <10%

Question 27

Usual cause of subdural haemorrhage Vessels affected

Answer 27

usually traumatic but may be spontaneous Bridging veins

Question 28

Usual cause of subarachnoid haemorrhage Vessels affected

Answer 28

Traumatic or berry aneurysm rupture 90% anterior circulation of Circle of Willis

Question 29

What is Lentiform Nucleus made of

Answer 29

Globus pallidus | Putamen

Question 30

What does the Sylvian Fissure divide

Answer 30

Temporal and frontal lobes