Neurons at Different Levels of the Visual System Have Very Different Receptive Fields

Question 1

Receptive Field

Answer 1

The stimulus region and features that affect the activity of a cell in a sensory system.

Question 2

On-Center Bipolar Cell

Answer 2

A retinal bipolar cell that is excited by light in the center of its receptive field.

Question 3

Off-Center Bipolar Cell

Answer 3

A retinal bipolar cell that is inhibited by light in the center of its receptive field.

Question 4

Figure 7.12

Connections of Cones to Bipolar Cells

Answer 4

Question 5

On-Center Ganglion Cell

Answer 5

A retinal ganglion cell that is activated when light is presented to the center, rather than the periphery, of the cell’s receptive field.

Question 7

Off-Center Ganglion Cell

Answer 7

A retinal ganglion cell that is activated when light is presented to the periphery, rather than the center, of the cell’s receptive field.

Question 8

On-Center/Off-Surround

Answer 8

Referring to a concentric receptive field in which stimulation of the center excites the cell of interest while stimulation of the surround inhibits it.

Question 9

Figure 7.13

A.

Receptive Fields of Retinal Cells

An on-center/off-surround cell

Answer 9

Question 10

Off-Center/On-Surround

Answer 10

Referring to a concentric receptive field in which stimulation of the center inhibits the cell of interest while stimulation of the surround excites it.

Question 11

Figure 7.13

B.

Receptive Fields of Retinal Cells

An off-center/on-surround cell

Answer 11

Question 12

Lateral Inhibition

Answer 12

The phenomenon by which interconnected neurons inhibit their neighbors, producing contrast at the edges of regions.

Question 13

Figure 7.14

Lateral Inhibition in the Retina

Answer 13

Question 14

Figure 7.15

The Effect of Context on the Percption of Brightness

Answer 14

Question 15

Figure 7.16

A.

Receptive Fields of Cells at Various Levels in the Cat Visual System

Answer 15

Question 16

Figure 7.16

B.

Receptive Fields of Cells at Various Levels in the Cat Visual System

Answer 16

Question 17

Figure 7.16

C.

Receptive Fields of Cells at Various Levels in the Cat Visual System

Answer 17

Question 18

Simple Cortical Cell

Answer 18

Also called bar detector or edge detector. A cell in the visual cortex that responds best to an edge or a bar that has a particular width, as well as a particular orientation and location in the visual field.

Question 19

Complex Cortical Cell

Answer 19

A cell in the visual cortex that responds best to a bar of a particular size and orientation anywhere within a particular area of the visual field.

Question 20

Figure 7.17

Receptive Fields Can Combine to Make More Complex Receptive Fields

Answer 20

Question 21

Spatial-Frequency Model

Answer 21

A model of vision that emphasizes the analysis of different spatial frequencies, of various orientations and in various parts of the visual field, as the basis of visual perception of form.

Question 22

Figure 7.18

Examples of Spatial Frequencies in Vision

Answer 22

Question 23

Figure 7.19

A, and B.

Main Visual Areas in Monkey and Human Brains

Answer 23

Question 24

Figure 7.19

C.

Main Visual Areas in Monkey and Human Brains

Answer 24

Question 25

Figure 7.19

D.

Main Visual Areas in Monkey and Human Brains

Answer 25

Question 26

Figure 7.20

A Geometric Figure with “Illusory” or “Subjective” Contours

Answer 26

Question 27

Figure 7.21

Complex Stimuli Evoke Strong Responses in Visual Cortex

Answer 27