Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gross Anatomy > Neurons and Glia > Flashcards

Neurons and Glia Flashcards

1
Q

motor neurons innervate what?

A

muscles and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which part of the neuron receives info?

A

dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which part of the neuron sends info out?

A

presynaptic terminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

neuron is composed of what parts? name them

A

dendrites, nucleus, soma (Cell Body), axon, mylinated sheath, presynaptic terminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how many neurons in the body?

A

Millions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define afferent and efferent

A

afferent= towards soma. Incoming

efferent=away from soma. Outgoing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the CNS is the….

A

brain and spinal cord.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q 
Single axon
Outgoing information (Efferent) from CNS
Soma in CNS
Axon extends out to PNS 
Myelinated Axon
what neuron is this?
A

motor neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
Unipolar (Afferent and Efferent branches)
Incoming information toward CNS
Originate in PNS
Soma in Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG)
Ganglia: Soma outside of CNS
what type of neuron is this?
A

sensory neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sensory neuron has soma in the middle. T or F

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
Association neurons
Single Axon
Confined to CNS
Modulation between stimulus (sensory) and response (motor)
what type of neuron is this?
A

interneuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how many synapses are there per neuron? what are synapse?

A

1000 to 100,000

gap junction bw terminal ending of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the Agonist neurotransmitter.

A

Acetelcholine, Dopamine, Norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

which neurotransmitter is known as “the Reward” drug

A

Dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which neurotransmitter is know for pain?

A

P- Factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

GABA is known as what type of neurotransmitter?

A

inhibitory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

serotonin is used for what?

A

digestion and mood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Phospholipid layers surrounding axons
Increase speed of transmission (depolarize)
Increased myelin = increased speed

White matter = Myelinated axons
Grey matter = Soma
what am I?

A

Myelin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Learning is a change in behavior. Your response decreases to constant stimulus. You modify the behavior.
true or false.

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

white matter is what?

A

myelinated axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

grey matter is what?

A

soma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

in the case of “blown pupil’ which side is the mass located on?

A

on the side of the blown pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

sensory neurons are in CNS, PNS or both

A

PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

motor neurons are in CNS, PNS or both

A

both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Interneurons are in CNS, PNS or Both

A

CNS

26
Q 
Stimulus and response
Spinal cord and PNS only 
No brain required
Monosynaptic if only 1 motor and 1 sensory
Interneuron can modulate response
who am I?
A

reflex arch

27
Q

Reflex arc has a branch that goes and tells your brain what is happen after reflex happens.
T or F

A

True

28
Q

brain cancer is made of what?

A

glia

29
Q

glia is known as what to the brain?

A

the glue

30
Q

how many types of glia

A

5

31
Q

how many glia do we have?

A

20 billion

32
Q

Glia can replicate. T or F

A

True

33
Q

neurons can replicate. T or F

A

False

34
Q

You have all your neurons by the age of?

A

12 yrs old

35
Q

A pruning process happens and if you don’t use the neurons you lose them. it stops at 20 yrs old. T or F

A

True

36
Q 
Support cells for Neurons
10x the number of neurons in CNS
Some provide myelination
Easily replicated (all the time)
5 types 
Two of the types have to do with mylenation
who am I?
A

glia

37
Q

what is the most common type of glia? where is it found

A

astrocytes. found in CNS

38
Q

what ion are needed for neurons to fire?

A

Na+ and K+ (sodium and potassium)

39
Q

what happens if there is too much potassium?

A

neurons cant fire

40
Q

dendrocytes are found in CNS or PNS? is is white matter or grey matter? mylinated?

A

CNS only and white matter of brain.
billions of these.
yes mylinated

41
Q

Schwann cells afre found in PNS or CNS? mylinated? How many are found?

A

PNS. yes mylinated

1 per node on neuron

42
Q

Axons in the CNS regenerate but PNS do not. True or False.

A

False. Axons in PNS regenerate not CNS.

43
Q

We have the same immunse system in PNS and CNS. T or F

A

False.

44
Q

Schwann cells form myelin sheath? Yes or No

A

Yes

45
Q

Brain is not good at protecting itself from bacteria and viral infections. T o F.

A

True

46
Q

Microglial is what?

A

immune cell to CNS but not good at it.

47
Q

it is difficult for antibiotics to get through to the brain. Through blood brain barrier. T or F

A

True.

48
Q

secrete cerebral spinal fluid, constantly produced (water). Get the water from your blood supply. Associated with capillaries. Together they are called choroid plexes (capillaries and apendemal cells that secrete spinal fluid).

A

Ependymal cells

49
Q

Glial cells are suspected to have association with consciousness or higher brain function. (astrocytes specifically). True or False

A

True

50
Q

Name the Glial cell types and their function.

A 
Astrocytes: Support, ion regulation
Oligodendricytes: CNS myelination
Schwann cells: PNS myelination
Microglia: Immune function
Ependymal Cells: Choroid plexes, CSF
51
Q

Bigger the axon and more myelination faster the impulse travels in neuron. T or F

A

True

52
Q

Most nerves go both ways. Motor and Sensory. T or F

A

True

53
Q

what are the nerve group layers? where are they found or what part do they cover with the nerve?

A

Endoneuroeum (surrounds each axon)
Perineureum (surrounds each fascicle)
Motor or sensory to a particular place.
Epineureum (surrounds fascicles)

54
Q

surrounds each axon

A

endoneureum

55
Q

surrounds each fasicle

A

perineureum

56
Q

surrounds group of fascicles.

A

epineureum

57
Q

There are no nerves in the brain. They have groupings. T or F

A

True

58
Q

Nerves are peripheral. Therefore, they can regenerate. T or F

A

True.

59
Q

siatic nerve is as big as which finger?

A

pinky

60
Q

if you cut off thumb and reattach it in time, how much sensory and motor will a person have?

A

20% motor and 50% sensory

Gross Anatomy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions