neurons

Question 1

function

Answer 1

Move electrical impulses to and from the CNS.
They an essential part of a massive communication system within the body.

Question 2

structure

Answer 2

Consists of a cell body, dendrites and an axon.
Dendrites at one end of the neuron receive signals from other neurons or from sensory receptors.
Dendrites are connected to the cell body, the control centre of the neuron.
From the cell body, the impulse is carried along the axon where it terminates at the axon terminal.
In many nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord, there is an insulating layer that forms around the axon - the myelin sheath.
Allows impulses to transmit more rapidly along the axon and if damaged, impulses will slow down.

Question 3

sensory neurons

Answer 3

Transmit information from one of the 5 senses to the CNS.
Sticking out cell body

Question 4

relay neurons

Answer 4

Carry messages from one part of the CNS to another, connect motor and sensory neurons.
Thin

Question 5

motor neurons

Answer 5

Carry signals from the CNS to effectors, helping organs/muscles/glands to function.
Large dendrites

Question 6

synapse

Answer 6

Each neuron is departed from the next by a tiny gap called the synapse.
Signals within neurons are transmitted electrically.
Signals between neurons are transmitted chemically across the synapse.