neuronal development 2

Question 1

how does development get its information from?

Answer 1

all cells have the same DNA
but all express different genes
the genome contains all the information on when to turn on and off these signals is specific time and space
non-coding and regulatory units also contribute to this

Question 2

what evidence is there that all cells contain the same DNA?

Answer 2

cloning - nucleus from other cell added into egg develops into full individual
and IPSC can form any cell line

Question 3

what do transcription factors do in development?

Answer 3

allows for the selection of what genes to be activated

Question 4

what can pioneer transcription factors do?

Answer 4

they can bind to DNA in its closed conformation

Question 5

how many germ layers give rise to organs?

Answer 5

three
ectoderm - outer layer
mesoderm - middle layer
endoderm - internal layer

Question 6

what cuases the diffrenceation of cells

Answer 6

chemical enviroment

Question 7

list the steps in the development of the nervous system

Answer 7

induction
proliferation
pattern formation
determination
intercellular communication
cell migration
cellular differentiation
formation of synapses
stabloiation or elimination of internueroal connections
development of integrated patterns

Question 8

what chemical does the boarder of the neural pate be determined by?

Answer 8

BMP

Question 9

what does retinoic acid do in the developing brain?

Answer 9

the gradient pertebs the state of the cells, low levels means it will not form brain