Neuron & Synapse

Question 1

Dendrites

Answer 1

Short branches built to receive information

Question 2

Presynaptic Terminal

Answer 2

Holds the vesicles of neuro transmitters

Question 3

Axon

Answer 3

Carries information away from the neuron

Question 4

Soma

Answer 4

Cell body

Question 5

How does myelination impact propagation of an action potential

Answer 5

Heavier myelination = a faster conductance

Question 6

What is an equillibrium potential

Answer 6

The membrane voltage that balances the concentration of gradient force

Question 7

Ion channel

Answer 7

Can be opened or closed, dependent on forces to move, selective

Question 8

Ion pumps

Answer 8

moves against gradients, USES ATP, selective

Question 9

How does the nervous system code for intensity of a stimulus if an action potential is always the same size and duration

Answer 9

Temporal summation

Question 10

Local potentials

Answer 10

grades in different size and duration

a larger local potential can spread farther than a smaller one

Question 11

Action Potentials

Answer 11

Can be repeatedly regenerated along a long distance

Causes a rapid reversal of a change inside the cell

Question 12

Where do local potentials happen

Answer 12

Modality and ligand gated channels

Question 13

Lingand-gated channels

Answer 13

ion channels that open in response to a neurotransmiter

Question 14

Where is a ligand-gated channel located

Answer 14

post-synaptic membrane

Question 15

Spatial summation

Answer 15

multiple synapses occuring on a neuron at the same time

Question 16

how does an increase in diameter of the axon impact propagation

Answer 16

creates a faster flow

Question 17

Synapses can occur

Answer 17

Axon to dendrite
Axon to soma
Axon to axon

*ALWAYS starts with an AXON

Question 18

What does the presynaptic terminal contain

Answer 18

Neurotransmiter vesicles

Question 19

What is an IPSP

Answer 19

Inhibitory postsynaptic potential-

Caused by: opening of potassium channels in the post synaptic membrane

Question 20

What is a NT agonist

Answer 20

Another chemical that has similar effect a a neurotransmitter
(opens receptor)

Question 21

What is a major source of inhibition in the CNS

Answer 21

GABA- Valium, BACLOFEN, phenobarbital

Question 22

What is depolarization

Answer 22

A brief change were the inside of the cell becomes less negative and more excitable

Question 23

Hyperpolarization

Answer 23

A brief change where the inside of the cell become more negative and more INHIBITORY

Question 24

What is an EPSP

Answer 24

Excitatory Postsyaptic Potential- causes a muscle contraction- small depolorization of membrane.