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Psychology - Neuroscience > Neuron's > Flashcards

Neuron's Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a neuron?

A

Information messengers that make up the nervous system

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2
Q

What are all the components of a neuron?

A

Dendrites, cell body/soma, axon, axon terminals

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3
Q

What material covers the axon?

A

Myelin

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4
Q

What is the name of the signal that travels between neurons?

A

Neuro transmitters

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5
Q

What is synaptic transmission?

A

The event of a neurotransmitter moving between neurons

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6
Q

What specific part of a neuron transfers neurotransmitters?

A

Synapse

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7
Q

What is the microscopic space between synapse’s called?

A

The synaptic cleft

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8
Q

What is the name of the neuron that receives the neurotransmitter?

A

The postsynaptic neuron

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9
Q

What is the name of the neuron that transfers the neurotransmitter?

A

The presynaptic neuron

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10
Q

What are neurotransmitters transferred in?

A

Vesicles

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11
Q

What are three ways that unwanted vesicles can be worked on?

A

Diffusion
Reuptake
Enzymes

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12
Q

Define defusion

A

Diffusion is when a discarded vesicle drifts away from the neuron

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13
Q

Define reuptake

A

Reuptake is when a discarded vesicle floats back into the presynaptic neuron, and is recycled

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14
Q

Define what enzymes do to vesicles?

A

Enzymes break down discarded vesicles so they can be recycled back into the pre synaptic neuron

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15
Q

What are two things the neurotransmitter acetylcholine control?

A

Motor movement

Memory

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16
Q

What does the neurotransmitter serotonin control?

A

Mood control and stabelisation

17
Q

What are two things the neurotransmitter dopamine control?

A

Mood control and alertness

18
Q

What does the neurotransmitter endorphins control?

A

Pain control

19
Q

What does the neurotransmitter gaba control?

A

Alertness

Sleep

20
Q

What are two things the neurotransmitter norepinephrine control?

A

Alertness

Arousal

21
Q

What do agonists do?

A

Mimic and stimulate neurotransmitters to enhance their affect

22
Q

What do antagonists do?

A

Block neurotransmitters to stop their effect

23
Q

What to reuptake inhibitors do?

A

Prevent the reuptake process from occurring so that the neurotransmitter remains in the synaptic cleft longer, enabling the body to feel its effects for extended periods of time

24
Q

What happens to the bodies regular pattern of releasing neurotransmitters when drugs are brought into the equation?

A

The body releases that the neurotransmitters levels are higher than normal, therefor those neurotransmitters get released in smaller quantities

25
Q

What does higher or lower levels of certain neurotransmitters usually lead to?

A

Mental health problems

Psychology - Neuroscience (7 decks)

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