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Behaviural nuroscience > Neuron Communication > Flashcards

Neuron Communication Flashcards

1
Q

how does permeability change in the cell membrane?

A

change in ion channel opening

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2
Q

what are the 2 channels that can change permeability?

A

ligand gated channels
voltage dependent ion channel

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3
Q

what is action potential?

A

a rapid change in voltage caused by voltage gated sodium ion channels

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4
Q

what is also known as action potential?

A

massive depolarization

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5
Q

what causes the cell to become hyperpolarized?

A

voltage gated potassium channels

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6
Q

what is depolarization caused by?

A

voltage sensitive sodium channels

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7
Q

where are the voltage sensitive sodium channels found?

A

in the axon hillock

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8
Q

where does the EPSPs and the IPSPs add up?

A

in the axon hillock

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9
Q

what does the accumulation of EPSPs and IPSPs called?

A

synaptic integration

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10
Q

what is a neurotransmitter?

A

a chemical release by a presynaptic neuron that acts on a post synaptic cell

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11
Q

what is a type of neurotransmitter receptor?

A

ligand gated ion channel

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12
Q

what is a response when a neurotransmitter gets to a receptor?

A

the EPSP is the response

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13
Q

what happens when more that on EPSP happens?

A

the electrical charges from the EPSPs add up and the electricity change travels down the dendrites to the soma.

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14
Q

what allows the electrical change to travel through the cell easily?

A

the cytosol

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15
Q

where does the conduction of action potential happen?

A

the axon

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16
Q

where is the electrical change outputted?

A

at the axon terminals through neurotransmitters

17
Q

what determines how much depolarization is needed for an action potential?

A

voltage gated sodium channels

18
Q

what happens to the action potential when it travels down the axon?

A

the action potential is repeatedly regenerated by voltage gated sodium channels in the axon

19
Q

what is the myelin?

A

a lipid covering from glial cells that prevents voltage from “leaking” through the membrane

20
Q

what are the nodes of Ranvier?

A

small gaps in the insulating myelin sheath

21
Q

what are at the nodes of Ranvier?

A

voltage sensitive sodium channels
they are used to renew the action potential

22
Q

what are vesicles?

A

compartments made out of a lipid bilayer

23
Q

what do vesicles in the neuron carry?

A

neurotransmitters

24
Q

what happens when the action potential reaches the axon terminal?

A

the change in electricity causes the voltage sensitive calcium channels to open

25
Q

what role do the calcium ions play?

A

they break down the proteins holding the neurotransmitters to release the vesicles

26
Q

what happens to the vesicles when the proteins are broken down?

A

the vesicles fuse with the axon terminal and the vesicles will release the neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft

Behaviural nuroscience (4 decks)

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