Neurology infections Flashcards
Meningitis usually occurs where in the brain
subarachnoid space
Fever, neck stiffness, kernigs sign, brudinskis sign, nausea, vomitting, photosensitivity, mental status changes, rash
symptoms of meningitis
most common causitive agent of meningitis
Strep pnuemo
what age group is more susceptible to meningeal infections from group B strep or E. coli
Newborns
removal of which lymph organ is associated with higher risk of meningitis
Splenectomy
patients from1 to 50 years old get meningitis infections from which three pathogens
Strep pnuemo
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenza
Older than 50 years of ages what is a pathogen besides strep pnuemo that could cause meningitis
listeria monocytogenes
Which pathogen has the highest mortality
Streo pnuemo
what pathogens are carried in the vaginal tract as normal flora that can be passed from mother to child in child birth. and ca be tested for at week 35-37 of pregnancy
group B strep (strep agalactiae, beta hemolytic)
you have a 3 year old unvaccinated patient that presesnts with meningitis symptoms. Aside from strep pnuemo what other pathogen should you consider treating for?
H. Flu
Rifampin is a prophylactic treatment for contact with which pathogen that causes meningitis?
H. flu type B
you have a 20 year old patient who has a meningeal infection. Aside from strep pnuemo you know that ______________ could be another pathogen that most often effects this age group. (type B,C,Y common in US)
Neisseria meningitides
Cipro is a prophylactic medication that was probably given to some students at Rutgers university after an outbreak of this pathogen that caused numerous cases of meningitis?
Neisseria Meningitides
This pathogen does not have any associated prophylactic medications that can be given to known contacts of those that had meningeal infection of this pathogen
Strep pneumoniae
A pregnant patient that loves brie cheese and fresh rocky ford melons is at risk of developing meningitis from that pathogen
Listeria monocytogenes.
present in soft cheese, unpasteurized milk, and contaminated food plants. recent outbreak in rocky ford colorado
what anitbiotic is effective at treating Listeria
Ampicillin - it can penetrate the blood brain barrier
An aseptic meningitis refers to……
an infection of viral origin. Sometimes caused by West Nile and herpes simplex
Flaccid paralysis is a unique finding of which pathogen that causes meningitis
West nile virus
to have a dx of menigitis what labs need to be done
CSF analysis, blood cultures, CBC, CMP, coagulation studies
Neisseria meningitides is treat by what abx?
ceftriaxone
Strep pnuemo is treated by which abx
vanco
Haemophilus Influenza is treated by which antibiotic
ceftriaxone
WBC: >500
WBC with diff: >75% neutrophils
protein : markedly elevated
Glucose: low <40 mg/dl
Bacterial meningitis findings in CSF
WBC: 10-200
WBC with diff: >75% lymphocytes
protein (in csf): may be mildly elevated
Glucose: normal >40 mg/dl
viral meningitis findings in CSF
What are the vaccines for meningocococcal meningitis
menomune, menactra, menveo- for types ACY
Trumemba, Bexsero—- for type B
What are the vaccines for strep pnuemo
Pnuemovax, prevnar
A patient presents with new onset seizures in the last 8 hours. He also has a headache, gait disturbance, and dizziness.
He reports that he eats pork products daily. What could be the cause of his symptoms
Neurocystercircosis, caused by the Taenia solium eggs - pork tape worm
Neurocystercircosis can be chronic in which case you have to control the seizures, but it could be in active parasite phase, what medication is used to treat the active parasite?
Albendazole
