Neurology infections Flashcards

1
Q

Meningitis usually occurs where in the brain

A

subarachnoid space

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2
Q

Fever, neck stiffness, kernigs sign, brudinskis sign, nausea, vomitting, photosensitivity, mental status changes, rash

A

symptoms of meningitis

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3
Q

most common causitive agent of meningitis

A

Strep pnuemo

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4
Q

what age group is more susceptible to meningeal infections from group B strep or E. coli

A

Newborns

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5
Q

removal of which lymph organ is associated with higher risk of meningitis

A

Splenectomy

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6
Q

patients from1 to 50 years old get meningitis infections from which three pathogens

A

Strep pnuemo
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenza

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7
Q

Older than 50 years of ages what is a pathogen besides strep pnuemo that could cause meningitis

A

listeria monocytogenes

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8
Q

Which pathogen has the highest mortality

A

Streo pnuemo

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9
Q

what pathogens are carried in the vaginal tract as normal flora that can be passed from mother to child in child birth. and ca be tested for at week 35-37 of pregnancy

A

group B strep (strep agalactiae, beta hemolytic)

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10
Q

you have a 3 year old unvaccinated patient that presesnts with meningitis symptoms. Aside from strep pnuemo what other pathogen should you consider treating for?

A

H. Flu

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11
Q

Rifampin is a prophylactic treatment for contact with which pathogen that causes meningitis?

A

H. flu type B

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12
Q

you have a 20 year old patient who has a meningeal infection. Aside from strep pnuemo you know that ______________ could be another pathogen that most often effects this age group. (type B,C,Y common in US)

A

Neisseria meningitides

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13
Q

Cipro is a prophylactic medication that was probably given to some students at Rutgers university after an outbreak of this pathogen that caused numerous cases of meningitis?

A

Neisseria Meningitides

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14
Q

This pathogen does not have any associated prophylactic medications that can be given to known contacts of those that had meningeal infection of this pathogen

A

Strep pneumoniae

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15
Q

A pregnant patient that loves brie cheese and fresh rocky ford melons is at risk of developing meningitis from that pathogen

A

Listeria monocytogenes.

present in soft cheese, unpasteurized milk, and contaminated food plants. recent outbreak in rocky ford colorado

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16
Q

what anitbiotic is effective at treating Listeria

A

Ampicillin - it can penetrate the blood brain barrier

17
Q

An aseptic meningitis refers to……

A

an infection of viral origin. Sometimes caused by West Nile and herpes simplex

18
Q

Flaccid paralysis is a unique finding of which pathogen that causes meningitis

A

West nile virus

19
Q

to have a dx of menigitis what labs need to be done

A

CSF analysis, blood cultures, CBC, CMP, coagulation studies

20
Q

Neisseria meningitides is treat by what abx?

A

ceftriaxone

21
Q

Strep pnuemo is treated by which abx

22
Q

Haemophilus Influenza is treated by which antibiotic

A

ceftriaxone

23
Q

WBC: >500
WBC with diff: >75% neutrophils
protein : markedly elevated
Glucose: low <40 mg/dl

A

Bacterial meningitis findings in CSF

24
Q

WBC: 10-200
WBC with diff: >75% lymphocytes
protein (in csf): may be mildly elevated
Glucose: normal >40 mg/dl

A

viral meningitis findings in CSF

25
What are the vaccines for meningocococcal meningitis
menomune, menactra, menveo- for types ACY | Trumemba, Bexsero---- for type B
26
What are the vaccines for strep pnuemo
Pnuemovax, prevnar
27
A patient presents with new onset seizures in the last 8 hours. He also has a headache, gait disturbance, and dizziness. He reports that he eats pork products daily. What could be the cause of his symptoms
Neurocystercircosis, caused by the Taenia solium eggs - pork tape worm
28
Neurocystercircosis can be chronic in which case you have to control the seizures, but it could be in active parasite phase, what medication is used to treat the active parasite?
Albendazole