Neurology Exam Flashcards
What are the regions throughout the body that you can isolate lesions to?
Cranial (supratentorial, infratentorial, cerebellum C1-C5 C6-T2 T3-L3 L4-S1-3 Caudal Peripheral nerves Neuromuscular junction muscle
what are the big 6 - common spinal diseases
trauma IVDD Neoplasia Diskospondydlitis/osteomyelitis Vascular
what are common brain diseases
trauma neoplasia hydrocephalus Encephalitis/inflammation Cerebrovascular disease
what is a seizure
Spontaneous abnormal electrical activity of the brain
What are clinical features of Seizures in animals
spontaneous, uncontrollable, muscle movements, duration 30-90seconds, autonomic signs,
What are the 3 classifications of seizures?
Focal Generalized Limbic, temporal lobe, behavioral
If the animal is less than 1 year of age, what are the causes of seizures? There are NO interictal neurologic deficits
Metabolic such as parasites, hypoglycemia, anemia, and toxins
If the animal is greater than 5 years of age, what are the common causes of seizures NO interictal neurological deficits
Metabolic causes such as an insulinoma, hypercalcemia
If the animal is less than 1 year of age, what are the causes of seizures? There are interictal neurologic deficits
Structural such as a brain tumor, hydrocephalus, encephalitis, cerebrovascular disease, and trauma
IF the animal is greater than 5 years of age, WITH interictal neurologic deficits, what are the causes of the seizures?
structural causes
WHat are the causes of seizures in an animal beteen 1-4 years of age?
Idiopathic
What age of aniamls are degenerative diseases commonly associated with?
These usually begin earlier in life (in animals less than 1 year of age) Progressive clinical signs Non-painful
What is the diagnosis?
Hydrocephalus
What are causes of hydrocephalus?
congenital, or acquired
Fontanelle
clinical course is variable
What are acquired causes of hydrocephalus?
obstruction of the CSF flow: Tumor, inflammation, trauma, bleeding
