Neurology Exam Flashcards
6 things to evaluate
- mental status, gait, posture
- muscular and skeletal
- postural rxn
- CN
- Spinal nerves C6T2; L3S3
- Sensation
7 places a lesion can exist?
- cerebrum
- cerebellum
- brainstem
- C1-C5
- C6-T2
- T3-L3
- L4-S3
Mental Status Shit
-Depression, stupor, coma
Depression - Feeling down
Stupor - pain stimuli
Coma - Nothing
RAS
RAS -Reticular activating system: Responsible for CN and intelligence. IF bad they are lethargic.
Thalamocortex
Behavior change, pacing, head press, day/night, food bowl, continence, seizures
Posture
Head tilt -vestibular or brain Ventroflexion -weakness Knuckling -proprioception
Gait
Ataxia - incoordination
CP - Cerebellum or vestibular
Postural Rxns
Cp deficits, hopping, placing, wheelbarrowing, extensor postural thrust, semi-walking
CN
PLR - optic and oculomotor Menace - optic and facial Vision - cotton ball Oculocephalic reflex - vestibulocochlear Blink, ear shake, lip twitch jaw tone - trigeminal Tongue tone - hypoglossal Gag - vagus, glossopharyngeal
Hind limb reflexes
Flexor - sciatic and femoral
patellar - femoral
cranial tibial - sciatic
Forelimb Reflexes
Flexor - musculocutan, median, ulnar
Extensor carpi radialis - radial
UMN
Paralysis
Normal to hyper reflex
Normal to increased muscle tone
Minimal atrophy
LMN
Paralysis
Hypo or A reflexia
Muscular hypotonia
severe neurogenic muscle atrophy
Perineal reflex
S12
Pudendal nerve
Patella
L45
Femoral nerve
Cranial Tibial Flexor withdrawal
L67S1
Sciatic nerve
Femoral nerve
Joints, strength, sensation, crossed extensor
Extensor carpi radialis
C78T1(2)
Radial nerve
UMN bladder
Cranial L3 Small reflex incomplete empthying dicfficult to express (
LMN bladder
Caudal L3
Dilated
atonic
easily expressed
