Neurology

Question 1

Stroke symptoms face/arms>legs

Answer 1

MCA

Question 2

Stroke symptoms legs>face/arms

Answer 2

ACA

Question 3

Stroke symptoms visual

Answer 3

PCA

Question 4

Stroke Symptoms- Wernicke’s receptive

Answer 4

L tempoparietal

Question 5

Stroke Symptoms Brocas, expressive

Answer 5

L frontal

Question 6

Vertebral A/posterior inferior cerebellar A “Wallenberg’s syndrome”
Acute vertigo, cerebellar signs, Horner’s

Answer 6

Lateral Medullary Syndrome

Question 7

Confusion, dizziness, anxiousness Loss of consciousness

Answer 7

Hypoglycaemia

Question 8

Uni/bilateral headache, pulsating Nausea, vomiting, photo/phonophobia Aura
CHOCOLATE: Cheese, OCP, Alcohol, Anxiety, Travel, Exercise

Answer 8

Migraine

Question 9

Band across head Stress/”student doing exams”

Answer 9

Tension Headache

Question 10

Jaw claudication, severe headache Fatigue, weight loss, sore throat Red face, scalp tenderness

Answer 10

Temporal Arteritis

Question 11

Multinucleated giant cells

Answer 11

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

Question 12

Shooting pains when brushing teeth Thinning beard

Tic douloueux

Answer 12

Trigeminal Neuralgia

Question 13

Sharp bang, LOC, lucid period Gradual compression of brainstem

Answer 13

Extradural Haemorrhage

Question 14

Elderly and/or alcoholics

Progressive development over months

Answer 14

Subdural Haemorrhage

Question 15

Severe orbital/temporal pain “hot poker”
Occurs in groupings
Wakes up at night

Answer 15

Cluster Headaches

Question 16

Progressive worsening of symptoms

Worse on coughing/sneezing/bending Headaches in morning

Answer 16

Space Occupying Lesion

Question 17

Stepwise deterioration in function
CV risk factors
Memory loss, slow thought

Answer 17

Vascular Dementia

Question 18

Memory loss, impaired speech, gets lost

Fails to recognise family on occasions

Answer 18

AD

Question 19

Disinhibition, personality changes
Inappropriate behaviour
Memory normal,

Answer 19

Picks Disease

Question 20

Rapid progression, dead in months

Myoclonus, memory loss, hallucinations

Answer 20

CJD

Question 21

Parkinsonian features
Vivid visual hallucinations Sleep disturbance
Slow to follow instructions

Answer 21

Lewy Body Dementia

Question 22

Ex-boxer/American football players

Features of alzheimer’s in their 40s

Answer 22

Chronic Traumatic Enceph.

Question 23

Emotion/pain/fear/prolonged standing
Nausea, pale
Clonic jerking, no stiffness

Answer 23

Vaso-vagal Syncope

Question 24

Arrhythmia leads to reduced CO and LOC

Pale, slow/absent pulse, flush after

Answer 24

Stokes Adams Attack

Question 25

Weakness of legs leads to fall with LOC/confn

Answer 25

Drop Attack

Question 26

Shaving/head turning leads to dizziness & syncope

Answer 26

Carotid Sinus Syncope

Question 27

Aura Tonic-clonic sequence Tongue-biting, incontinence Post-ictal confusion

Answer 27

Epilepsy

Question 28

Seizure Type- LOC, inc tone, jerking

Answer 28

Tonic Clonic

Question 29

Seizure type- pauses mid sentence

Answer 29

Absence

Question 30

Seizure type- sudden jerk of limb

Answer 30

Myotonic

Question 31

No LOC, “funny turn” or strange sensation | No amnesia/confusion

Answer 31

Simple Partial Seizure

Question 32

Aura | Automatisms e.g. lip-smaking, wandering Impaired awareness

Answer 32

Complex Partial Seizure

Question 33

>30min seizure | Tonic-clonic

Answer 33

Status Epilepticus

Question 34

Status Epilepticus Trtmt

Answer 34

IV lorazepam + 50% glucose, IV phenytoin if continues to GA

Question 35

Spasticity Hyperreflexia Babinski +ve

Answer 35

UMN lesion

Question 36

Floppy paralysis Wasting Fasciculations

Answer 36

LMN lesion

Question 37

Paraneoplastic: SmCC Autoimmune Antibodies against pre-syncaptic Ca channel Function improves with more exercise

Answer 37

Lambert Eaton Syndrome

Question 38

Oculomotor/bulbar signs Trail off at end of sentence Worsens with exercise Anti-ACh receptor antibody

Answer 38

Myaesthenia Gravis

Question 39

Child, waddles when walks +ve gower’s sign

Answer 39

Muscular Dystrophy

Question 40

Transient loss of vision Paraesthesia, paralysis | Worse in heat

Answer 40

MS

Question 41

Alcohol withdrawal | Confused, sees spiders on them

Answer 41

Delerium Tremens

Question 42

Signs of Cerebellar Syndrome

Answer 42

``` D- Dysdiadokokinesia A- Ataxia N- Nystagmus I- Intention tremor S- Slurred/staccato speech H- Hypotonia ```

Question 43

Causes of Cerebellar syndrome

Answer 43

``` P: Posterior fossa tumour A: Alcohol S: Multiple sclerosis T: Trauma R: Rare I: Inherited (e.g. Friedreich's ataxia) E: Epilepsy medication (carbamazepine, phenytoin toxicity) S: Stroke ```

Question 44

Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy

Answer 44

``` D- Diabetes A- Alcoholism V- Vitamin B12 I- Inherited- Guillain/Charcot Marie Tooth D- Drugs- Isoniazid ```

Question 45

Confusion Ataxia Opthalmoplegia

Answer 45

Werknicke's Encephalopathy

Question 46

Treatment for Wernicke's

Answer 46

IV pabrinex

Question 47

Untreated Wernicke's

Answer 47

Korsakoff's

Question 48

Anterograde Amnesia Confabulation Alcholics

Answer 48

Korsakoff's

Question 49

Tilt head away from side of lesion | Diplopia worse away from lesion

Answer 49

Trochlear Nerve Palsy

Question 50

Similar Presentation to SOC

Answer 50

Benign Intracranial HTN

Question 51

Café au lait spots, | axillary freckling Neurofibromas

Answer 51

Neurofibromatosis I

Question 52

Bilateral acoustic neuroma

Answer 52

Neurofibromatosis II

Question 53

Telangiectasia Epistaxis Vascular disorder

Answer 53

Osler-Weber-Rendu

Question 54

Facial port-wine stains, Epilepsy Hemiplegia Mental retardation

Answer 54

Sturge Weber Syndrome

Question 55

Ashleaf macules, shagreen patches (orange-peel patches), adenoma sebaceum (pink patches on cheeks) Epilepsy and benign tumours

Answer 55

Tuberous Sclerosis

Question 56

Opthalmoplegia Ataxia Areflexia

Answer 56

Miller-Fisher

Question 57

Wasting of thenar eminence Loss of sensation in lateral palmar surface of 3 and a half digits Test for weakness in abductor pollicis brevis Frequently affected in carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 57

Median Nerve (C6-T1)

Question 58

Wasting of hypothenar eminence | Sensory loss over medial one and a half digits Test for weakness of abductor digiti minimi “Claw hand”

Answer 58

Ulnar Nerve (C8-T1)

Question 59

Weakness of wrist extension leads to wrist drop Anaesthesia over fist dorsal interosseous muscle

Answer 59

Radial Nerve (C5-T1)

Question 60

Loss of shoulder abduction and elbow flexion Arm held internally rotated “Waiter’s tip”

Answer 60

Erb's Palsy

Question 61

Weakness in dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot Sensory loss over dorsum of foot Hit in side of knee

Answer 61

Common Peroneal Nerve (L4-S1)

Question 62

Inability to invert food or stand on tip-toe | Sensory loss on sole of foot

Answer 62

Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)

Question 63

Parkinsons Gait

Answer 63

Shuffling, festinant

Question 64

Sensory Ataxic Gait

Answer 64

High stepping/stamping

Question 65

Spastic Paraplegia Gait

Answer 65

Scissor

Question 66

Cerebellar Gait

Answer 66

Wide-based

Question 67

Cerebrovascular Disease Gait

Answer 67

Shuffling, small steps