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Macro > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Myasthenia Gravis assosiated with

A

Thymoma do ct scan

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2
Q

Cluster headache ppx

A

Varapamil

Ergotamine

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3
Q

Cauda equina syndrome

Conus medullaris ddx

A

Saddle anesthesia UMN lesion

UMN/LMN lesion early onset hyperreflexia

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4
Q

Heat stroke

A

Cold water immersion

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5
Q

B1 defficiency

A

Encephalopathy
Occulomotor dysfunction
Gait ataxia

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6
Q

Stroke rx

A

Aspirin plus dyrpyridamole
Or
Clipidogrel

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7
Q

Hypopituatrism headache bitemporal blindness

A

Craniopharyngioma
Children
55 65 yrs if age

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8
Q

Vertical Diplopia horizontal

A

Trochlear abducent

Extrosion of eye

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9
Q

Ataxia no hemiparesis

A

Intracerebellar hemorhage

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10
Q

Difference
Cerebellar hemorhage
Subarachnoid / brain embolism

A

Gradual

Sudden

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11
Q

Most common location prone to hemorhage

A

Putamen adjacent to Pons
Second cerebellum thallamus
Pons too

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12
Q

Recumbent position
Pain is worse
Pain is better

A

Epidural abcess or met

Degenerative disease

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13
Q

Pseudo tumor cerebri if untreated leads to

A

Blindness

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14
Q

Untreated sinusitis brain abcess

A

Strep viridians

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15
Q

Dementia and Nirmal aging difference

A

Impairment in daily function

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16
Q

Lacunar infarction rf htn diabetes hyperlipidemia stroke sx

A

Contralateral face arm leg internal capsule

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17
Q

Rt parietal lobe

A

Neglect

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18
Q

Huntington disease ch form moving disorder rx

A

Cause excess of dopamine give anti psych haloparidol
Risperidone.
Olanzapine

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19
Q

Multiple brain metastasis rx

A

Radiation

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20
Q

Ring enhancing lesions on MRI

Hx of headache every mnth

A

Aggressive tumor

Glioblastoma multiforme

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21
Q

Flaccid hyperreflexia bladder rx

A

B ethanicol

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22
Q

Shaken baby syndrome dx

A

Fundoscopic ex

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23
Q

Decrease central vision central Scotoma decrease visual acuity affront pupillary defect

A

Optic neuritis swollen optic disc on fundoscopy

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24
Q

Hypo pigmented ash leaf macula woodlamp shows dx

A

Tuberous sclerosis

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25
Q

Ptosis unreactive pupil paralysis of addiction elevation and depression

A

Intracranial aneurysm

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26
Q

Subarachnoid bleeding cause

A

Htn berry aneurysm

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27
Q

SIADH DX

A 
hyponatremia
Decrease serum osmolarity.
Increase urine osmolarity
Increase na excretion
Intravascular volume increased
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28
Q

Most common cause of seizure

A

Neurocysti cerosis

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29
Q

Tumor in children grow from cerebellar vermis gait anomaly prominent

A

Medulloblastoma

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30
Q

Fall in elderly test

A

Get up and go
Check leg strength
Balance vestibular dysfunction and gait

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31
Q

Increase intravascular pressure normal neuro imaging abducent n palsy no known cause dx and rx

A

Pseudo tumor cerebri
Lumbar puncture
Acetazolamide

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32
Q

Symmetric descending flaccid paralysis
Normal sensory exam
Absence of fever

A

Botulism

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33
Q

Pt proximal muscle weekness steroid taking

A 
CPK LEVEL
EMG 
REFLEXES
SENSATION 
all normal
Steroid induced myopathy taper them
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34
Q

Iv drug user new onset back pain plus fever

A

Epidural abcess
MRI of spine
CT with contrast

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35
Q

Flaccid paralysis low of bowel and bladder function pain and temperature but intact somatic sensation

A

Anterior spinal artery occlusion

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36
Q

Rx of polycythemia Vera with ja k mutationq

A

Phlebotomy plus aspirin

Add Hydroxyuria if pt is more than 60 and comorbid condition

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37
Q

Suspicious meta with epidural compressiin

A

Iv dexa methadone followed by MRI

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38
Q

Pronto drift

A

UMN lesion

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39
Q

Csf leak tested for

A

Beta 2 transfusion

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40
Q

Hiv positive Cd4 less than 100 ring lesion

A

Treat for toxoplasmosis doesn’t cure do biopsy for lymphoma

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41
Q

Gillian bar syndrome dx and rx

A

Lp check csf fluid only protein ll b twice than nerve conduction stufy

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42
Q

Ms vs als

A

Extraocular eye muscle bladder shinctor spared in ALS

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43
Q

PTHRP released???

A

SCC of lung

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44
Q

Contralateral hemiplegia ipsilateral cranial nerves

A

Brainstem lesion vertebrobasilar A

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45
Q

Do mine nt plus nondomunent hemisphere (aphasia plus neglect)
Contralateral hemiplegia eye deviates towards infarction dx

A

Middle cerebral artery occlusion

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46
Q

Complication of heat stroke

A

Rhabdomyolysis

Renal failure ads coagulopathy bleeding

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47
Q

Deep coma with paraplagia

A

Pontine hemorhage

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48
Q

First line rx of pseudo

A

Acetazolamide

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49
Q

Restless leg syndrome

A

Give dopamine agonist

Pramipaxole ropinirole

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50
Q

Mca sx positive
Visual sx
Ameurosis fugax

A

Internal carotid artery

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51
Q

Cafe leu spot learning disbilty Macrocephaly dx

Bilateral acoustic neuroma and cataract dx

A

Neurofibromatosis 1

  2
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52
Q

Contralateral motor and sensory deficit more pronounced in upper limbs dx

A

Middle cerebral Artey

53
Q

Homonyms homianopsia

Paraiso of vertical eye movemnt

A

Post cerebral A

54
Q

Contralateral motor and sensory deficit more pronounced in lower limbs dx

A

Anterior cerebral artery

55
Q

Ipsilateral Horner syndrome
Weakness of vocal cords
Contralateral pain n tem lost

A

Lateral medullary syndrome

56
Q

Ipsilateral limb ataxia

Medial strabismus

A

Medial pontine syndrome

57
Q

Ipsilateral facial paralysis limb ataxia

A

Lateral pontine syndrome

58
Q

Contralateral paralysis of arm and leg loss of tactile vibratory and position tongue deviated to injured area

A

Medial medullary syndrome

Ant spinal artery

59
Q

Weekness of Res and pharyngeal muscle

A

MG
Endotracheal intubation
Bed side PFT

60
Q

MRI Pseudo tumor cerebri

A

Shrunken ventricles

61
Q

Resting tremors un Park

A

Anticholinergic

Benzotropins

62
Q

Clumsy hand syndrome
Weekness more in lower limb
Dysarthria

A

Lacunar stroke after htn

63
Q

Neurofibromatosis 1 dx rx

A

> 6 cafe leu spot 5mm if adult 15mm

Immediate ophthalmologist evaluation

64
Q

Periodic vertigo unilateral hearing loss tinnitis

A

Meineirs disease

65
Q

Tender restless urge to move

A

Aka thesia

Peopronolol

66
Q

Tourette syndrome

A

Less than 21 yrs
Tics many times a day for atleast 1 mnth
Involuntarily vocalization

67
Q

Opioid alcohol marijuana user in ER do

A

Urinary immunoassay

68
Q

Carbmazepine SE

A

Bone marrow suppression
Neutropenia
SIADH
Anticholinergic mildly (urinary retention constipation)

69
Q

Opioid withdrawl rx

A

Opioid agonists
Methadone
Buperonorphine

70
Q

Fever focal spinal tenderness rx

A 
Epidural absess
Urgent MRI
Blood culture
ESR CRP ct guided aspiration and culture
Antibiotics
Emergent surgical decompression
71
Q

Symmetrical polyneuropathy

Hx of erectile dysfunction

A

Diabetic neuropathy

72
Q

Unilateral headache plus unilateral myosis and ptosis

A

Carotid artery dissection
CT angiography
Anticoagulation or
Antiplatelets

73
Q

Nystagmus on lateral gaze dx

A

Phenyroin toxicity

Serum drug level if high reduce the dose

74
Q

Diaphragm paralysis
Bilateral
Paradoxical

A

ALS

Diaphragm paralysis

75
Q

Acute MS exacerbation

Refractory

A

Iv steroids

Plasmapharesis

76
Q

Alzheimer disease rx

A

Ach estrase inhibitors donepezil

77
Q

Worse headache

A

Subarachnoid

Lp shows xanthochromia

78
Q

Trouble rising from chair or combing hair

A

Eaten lambert syndrome

79
Q

Leg weekness today blurry vision a mnth ago

A

MS

MRI

80
Q

MG rx plus crises rx

A

Neostigmine

Ivig Plasmapharesis

81
Q

MG dx

A

Anti ach r antibody than emg

82
Q

Ascending paralysis after diarrhea

A

Gillian bar

83
Q

Meineirs disease rx

A

Diuretics

Low salt diet

84
Q

Vertigo plus ataxia

A

Central do mri

85
Q

Abort migrain

A

Ergotamine or teiptan

86
Q

Afib stroke ppx

A

Coumadin

87
Q

Focal neurological deficit no bleed present less than 3 hours

A

Tpa

88
Q

PD rx <70 yrs

>70yrs

A

Ropinirole pamipexole

Levodopa carbodopa

89
Q

Old man hypersexual foul mouthed

A

Front temporal dementia

Picks disease

90
Q

Saddle anesthesia

A

Cord compression

Steroid first than mri

91
Q

Old lady back pain tenderness positive

A

Compression fracture

Do xray

92
Q

Lightening pain down d leg with heavy lifting

A

Disc herniation

93
Q

Lightening pain going down without lifting

A

Osteophytes

94
Q

Hx trauma

UMN lesion

A

Fracture

Cord transection

95
Q

Claudication of buttock getting better going upstair

A

Spinal stenosis

96
Q

Belt like pain in lumbosacral region

A

Musculoskeletal
NSAID
Stretches

97
Q

Back pain bowel and bladder dysfunction sexual dysfunction

A

Cord compression

98
Q

Urinary incontinence

Lower extremity personality infarction

A

Ant cerebral artery

99
Q

Aphasia neglect eyes deviate towards side of lesion upper extremity

A

Middle C A

100
Q

INABILITY TO RECOGNIZE FACES

A

POST C A

101
Q

Vertigo n v

Vrtical nystagmus

A

Vertibrobasilar A

102
Q

Same side face contralateral body Horner syndrome

A

Post inferior cerebellar A

103
Q

Ataxia plus parkinsonism

A

Lacunar infarct

104
Q

Thrombolytic therapy contraindications

A 
Previous stroke within 1 yr
Brain surgery trauma 6mnths
Active bleeding or surgery within 6 wks
Bleeding disorder
Any mass lesion
105
Q

Following test after stroke

A

Echo
EKG with Holter mon
Doppler us for carotid A

106
Q

Young pt < 50 yrs should also do labs after stroke

A

ESR vdrl ana double stranded DNA protein c and s factor 5 Leiden mutation
Antophospholipid syndrome

107
Q

Tremors rx
Park
Intention

A

Am antidote

Propranolol

108
Q

Any dementia must do tests

A

B12 vdrl TSH t4 head ct

109
Q

Vertigo
Change with position
Without position

A

Bppv haplik maneuver meclizine
Vestibular after viral meclizine
Both don’t have hearing loss

110
Q

Meineirs disease

A

Chronic
Hearing loss plus tinnitis
Low salt diet diuretics

111
Q

Labrynthitis

A

Self limited hearing loss

Steroids plus meclizine

112
Q

Acoustic neuroma

A

Ataxia HL
MRI
Surgical resection

113
Q

Perlympg fistula

A

Trauma to ear hx repai

114
Q

Cryptococcus meningitis

A

Hiv

115
Q

Lyme disease

A

Western blot or serology
Doxycycline
If child less than 8 yrs or preg amoxicillin
Reportable disease

116
Q

RMSF

A

Rash from foot and hsb going towards trunk

Serology .doxy

117
Q

Tb meningitis do

A

Pcr

118
Q

Patechiae rashi ncrrase eutophilsn meningitis

Rx

A

Res isolation

Closed contact should take ppx

119
Q

Listeria

A

Hiv <50

NEONATES ELDERLY

120
Q

Myasthenia Gravis management

A

Pyridostigmine or neostigmine
Thymomectomy
Prednisone.
Long term azathioprine and cyclosporine
Neostigmine SE diarrhea use glycopyrrolate

121
Q

Ascending paralysis
Uri 2 weeks b4.
Loss of deep tendon reflex lp only protein elevated drx rx

A

Gillian bar syndrome

Ivig or plasmapheresis

122
Q

LMN

UMN

A

Wasting weekness fasciculation

Wasting hyperreflexia spasticity up going toes

123
Q

Progression of ALS decreased by

A

Riluzole edararane

124
Q

Syringomyelia

A

Bilateral loss of pain and tem

125
Q

ALS

A

UMN plus LMN

126
Q

Brown sequard syndrome

A

Ipsilateral vibration and position

Contralateral pain and temperature

127
Q

Ant spinal A

A

Only vibration and position left

128
Q

If wbc > 1:100 rbc csf

A

Infection positive

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