neurology

Question 1

features of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Answer 1

Urinary incontinence , gait instability and dementia.

Question 2

management of NPH

Answer 2

VP shunt ,

Question 3

Features of Parksinson triad and which side effected by PD

Answer 3

Bradykinesia
tremor
Rigidity

asymmetrical

Question 4

Other Features of PD - not in triad

Answer 4

Mask like face
Flexed posture
micrographia
Drooling
Psychiatric - Emotional, Dementia , Pschosis , Sleep
Impaired olfaction
REM disoreder
Postural hypotension.

Question 5

what test to diagnose myaesthenia gravis

Answer 5

Anti - Acetylcholine receptor antibodies.

Question 6

which infection is most common with Guillian barre

Answer 6

Campylobacter Jejuni.

Question 7

features of Guillian Barre

Answer 7

Progressive peripheral polyneuropathy - Hyporeflexia and symmetrical.

Question 8

features of MS.

Answer 8

Multiple sclerosis can cause weakness and sensory loss, but these are usually asymmetrical and associated with hyperreflexia.

Question 9

when to take triptan

Answer 9

not when aura but when headache comes on

Question 10

when to avoid triptans

Answer 10

in IHD or CVD

Question 11

complex regional pain managed with ?

Answer 11

amitryptaline (or neuropathic agent) and PT

Question 12

biggest risk factor for bels palsy

Answer 12

preggerz

Question 13

Features of Cluster Headache
description of pain
timeframe
length of each pain
character
accompanying symptoms
neurological signs ?

Answer 13

once or twice a day
15mins to 2 hours once or twice a day
intense and sharp - around one eye always same side
restless and agitated
redness, lacrimation and lid swelling
nasal stuffiness
miosis and ptosis

Question 14

how long does an aura last

Answer 14

5-60mins

Question 15

which drug prolongs life in MND

Answer 15

Riluzole - used in AML

Question 16

management of generalised tonic clonic seizures

Answer 16

Sodium Valproate 1st
2nd - lamotrigine / carbamazepine
lamotrigine in preggerz

Question 17

treatment of absent seizures

Answer 17

sodium valproate / ethosuximide

Question 18

treatment of myoclonic seizures

Answer 18

sodium valproate 1st
2nd lamotrigine / clonazepam

Question 19

Focal Seizure treatment

Answer 19

carbamazepine / lamotrigine first line
second line sodium valproate / oxcarbazepine/Keppra

Question 20

which seizures can carbamazepine exacerbate

Answer 20

myoclonic or absent (the two that don’t use it in management )

Question 21

Visual Presentations of MS

Answer 21

oPTIC Neuritis
optic atrophy
Uhthoff’s phenomenon: worsening of vision following rise in body temperature
internuclear ophthalmoplegia

Question 22

sensory presentations of MS

Answer 22

pins/needles
numbness
trigeminal neuralgia
Lhermitte’s syndrome: paraesthesiae in limbs on neck flexion

Question 23

common side effect when taking triptan

Answer 23

tightness of chest and throat

Question 24

which antiemetics cause PD to get worse

Answer 24

Haloperidol
Metoclopromide (both block dopamine
h3 antagonists like cyclizine and prochlorperazine.

Question 25

how long does bells palsy take to recover and when to refer to plastics

Answer 25

3-4 months most people - refer at 6 month mark

Question 26

which vitamin is useful in migraine prophylaxis

Answer 26

Vitamin b2 - riboflavin