Neurology

Question 1

unilateral facial nerve paralysis that spares the forehead is what?

Answer 1

Bells palsy

Question 2

MCC of bells palsy?

Answer 2

HSV

Question 3

When does bells palsy peak in symptoms

Answer 3

48 hours

Question 4

Tx for bells palsy?

Answer 4

1. prednisone
2. artificial tears
3. tape eyelid shut

Question 5

MCC of encephalitis in an immunocompromised pt?

Answer 5

CMV

Question 6

what has a similar presentation to encephalitis?

Answer 6

meningitis

Question 7

Reyes syndrome usually occurs after someone takes what kind of medication to treat their cold symptoms?

Answer 7

Aspirin

Question 8

What is reyes syndrome?

Answer 8

rapidly progressive encephalopathy with hepatic dysfunction

Question 9

How do you diagnose reyes syndrome?

Answer 9

elevated liver enzymes, PTT, hyperammonemia, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis

Question 10

MCC of encephalitis?

Answer 10

HSV

Question 11

is a Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s sign usually present with encephalitis?

Answer 11

No not usually

Question 12

how do you diagnose encephalitis?

Answer 12

lumbar puncture and MRI

Question 13

How do you treat encephalitis?

Answer 13

supportive care and acyclovir 10 mg/kg IV q8hr started promptly

Question 14

How long does a seizure need to last to be considered a status epilepticus seizure?

Answer 14

> 5minutes, or more than one seizure without recovery from postictal state of previous seizure

Question 15

Tx for status epilepticus seizure

Answer 15

1. lorazepam, diazepam, midolizam
2. phenytoin
3. phenobarbital

Question 16

What is one lab value you should always check in a patient who experienced a seizure?

Answer 16

Glucose level

Question 17

What are the drugs of choice for partial and complex seizures?

Answer 17

phenytoin r carbamazepine

Question 18

Which one affects consciousness (partial or complex seizure)

Answer 18

Complex

Question 19

What is the most common artery involved in a epidural hematoma

Answer 19

Middle meningeal artery

Question 20

What type of shape does an epidural hematoma have?

Answer 20

Lens shape that does not affect bridging veins

Question 21

(crescent-shaped, concave hyperdensity) is seen on a CT what is it?

Answer 21

subarachnoid hemorrhage

Question 22

How would anterior cord syndrome present?

Answer 22

motor paralysis below the level of the lesion as well as the loss of pain and temperature at and below the level of the lesion

Question 23

loss of motor function and sensory at the level of the lesion relates to what kind of spinal cord injury?

Answer 23

central cord injury

Question 24

Does central cord injury affect upper extremities or lower extremities more?

Answer 24

Upper > lower

Distal muscles > proximal Muscles

Question 25

What MOI causes central and anterior cord injuries?

Answer 25

1. For central is forced hyperextension

2. For anterior its flexion or vascular

Question 26

is Guillain-Barré syndrome ascending or descending?

Answer 26

This is ascending paralysis

Question 27

Most common post infection cause of Guillain-Barré syndrome?

Answer 27

Campylobactor jejuni

Question 28

How is Guillain-Barré syndrome Dx? and what would you see in the results?

Answer 28

Dx by lumbar puncture showing elevated protein in the CSF and normal WBC in CSF

Question 29

MCA stroke symptoms?

Answer 29

aphasia, neglect, hemiparesis, gaze preference, homonymous hemianopsia