Neurological System

Question 1

What are the 12 cranial nerves?

Answer 1

1. Olfactory
2. Optic
3. Oculomotor
4. Trochlear
5. Trigeminal
6. Abducens
7. Facial
8. Acoustic
9. Glossopharyngeal
10. Vagus
11. Spinal Accessory
12. Hypoglossal

Question 2

Olfactory Nerve

Answer 2

• Test the sense of smell of pt who report lost of smell those who had head trauma, abnormal mental status, and the presence of an intracranial lesion
• Assess the patency by closing one nostril at a time and asking the pt to sniff
• With pt’s eyes close, close one nostril & present an aromatic substance (Coffee, vanilla, cinnamon)
• Anosmia: (decrease or loss of smell)
  ○ Normally, sense of smell decrease bilaterally with aging. Any asymmetry in sense of smelling is important.
  ○ Unilateral loss of smell in the absence of nasal disease is
  neurogenic anosmia.

Question 3

Optic Nerve

Answer 3

• Test visual acuity and test fields by confrontation
• Use the ophthalmoscope to examine the ocular fundus to determine the colour, size, shape of the optic disc (eye assessment)

Question 4

Oculomotor nerve (3), Trochlear nerve (4), and Abducens nerve (6)

Question 5

Trigeminal nerve

Question 6

Facial Nerve

Question 7

Acoustic (Vestibulocochlear) Nerve

Question 8

Glossopharyngeal nerve (9) & Vagus nerve (10)

Question 9

Spinal Accessory Nerve

Question 10

Hypoglossal Nerve