Neurological Responses

Question 1

What are some example forms of damages to the neurological system?

Answer 1

Lesions - abnormalities in tissue, lumps, cuts.
Neoplasia - new tissue
Traumatic rupture - tear
Disease
Compression - disc rupture, inflammation, saddles, harness
Inflammation - causes compression around nerve due to build up of fluid

Question 2

What are some symptoms of damage to neurological system?

Answer 2

Change in behaviour,
loss or proprioception 
Loss of sensation 
Change to stance 
Change of gait pattern 
Loss of coordination (ataxia)
Partial or complete loss of use of limb(s)
Atrophy of muscle
Flaccidity or spasticity of muscle tone

Question 3

Define Paralysis

Answer 3

Complete loss of motor function

Question 4

Define Paresis

Answer 4

Incomplete paralysis, muscle weakness

Question 5

Describe symptoms of Lower Motor Neuron Injury

Answer 5

LMN symptoms - 
Flaccidity 
Decreased muscle tone
Diminished reflex response
Profound, acute muscle atrophy
Fasciculations

Question 6

Describe symptoms of Upper Motor Neuron INjury

Answer 6

UMN symptoms - 
Spasticity 
Increased muscle tone
Exaggerated reflex response
Minimal muscle atrophy (disuse) 
No fasciculations

Question 7

What are reflex arcs in the PNS?

Answer 7

A reflex is involuntary motor response of the nervous system to a stimulus. Fundamental to the maintenance of posture and locomotion, as well as clinical evaluation of the nervous system