Neurological Disorders Flashcards
Tetraplegia
Paralysis of all four limbs
Hemiplegia
Paralysis of one side of the body
Paraplegia
Paralysis of caudal limbs
Seizures
The result of abnormal electrical activity within the brain
Epilepsy
An intracranial disorder producing seizures
Status epilepticus
A series of seizures lasting >5 mins
Convulsions
A series of involuntary muscle contractions
Paresis
Weakness of one or more of the limbs
Syncope
Fainting
The cerebrum
Controls behaviour and sensory organs
The cerebellum
Controls balance, posture and locomotion
Symptoms of cerebral nervous system diseases
Behavioural changes (loss of ability to recognise owner) Pacing Ataxia Paresis Seizures Loss of sensory function
Cerebellar disease
Ataxia Tremors Lack of threat reflex Vertical nystagmus Dysmetria Hypermetria
Causes of seizures
Idiopathic epilepsy Neoplasia Trauma Infection Inflammation Toxins (renal) Metabolic problems (i.e hypoglycaemia, hypocalaemia, portosystemic shunt) Congenital - Hydrocephalus
Stages of seizures
Pre ictal
Ictal phase
Post ictal phase
Pre ictal
Minor behavioural changes
Ictal phase
Seizure actually taking place
Loss of motor control, paddling Loss of consciousness Collapse, rigid Hypersalivation, chewing movements Defecation
Post ictal phase
Confusion / aggression
Depression
Ataxia
Visual disturbances
Clinical signs for spinal injuries
Pain! Paresis Ataxia Paralysis Faecal or urinary incontinence Loss of deep pain sensation Loss of panniculus reflex (skin pinch test lateral to spinous process) Loss of tail function
