Neurological Disorder Pharmacology Flashcards
What symptoms are treated in Huntington’s disease with drugs?
- Chorea
2. Psychiatric symptoms
What drugs treat chorea in HD?
- Tetrabenazine - depletes dopamine in cerebrum
- Neuroleptics - dopamine blocker
- Benzodiazepenes - CNS depressant
What drugs treat psychiatric symptoms in HD?
- same as used for general population
1. Depression - SSRIs
2. Psychosis and behavioral - atypical antipsychotic drugs
What drugs treat dystonia?
- condition of BG; drug depends on patient
1. Levodopa (relieves sx, not cure)
2. Diazepam (muscle relaxants)
3. Anti-muscarinic agents
4. Baclofen - GABA B agonist
5. BOTOX
What are the muscarinic antagonists?
- Benztropine
2. Diphenhydramine – also histaminergic blocker (For acute dystonic reaction; knocks down bad m contraction)
What is the first action to treat neuropathy?
Address the cause
- diabetes - control sugar levels
- immune - treat
- vitamin deficiencies - treat
Block metabolism of glucose to sorbitol which can cause osmotic damage to nerves and the lens of the eye; prevents diabetic polyneuropathy
Aldol reductase inhibitors
What is used to treat pain related to polyneuropathy
- Traditional analgesics (affects perception of pain)
- Antidepressants - acts on CNS
- Anti-seizure medications
- Clonidine - presynaptic receptors
- Oral cannabinoids
- NMDA antagonists - acts on CNS
- Treatment for sympathetic hyperactivity
Neuropathic pain can often be diminished by traditional analgesics, but often not eliminated; recommended for patients with sensitized C-nociceptors
Opioids
What are the treatments for sympathetic hyper activity?
- drugs that block sympathetic fxn
1. Norepinephrine blockade with clonidine
2. Ganglion block with lidocaine, a local anesthetic
What are the psychiatric disorders that most often occur in ASD and are treated with drugs?
- ASD does not have any drugs to treat disease
1. Anxiety (antidepressants, anti anxiety)
2. ADHD (stimulants)
3. OCD - antipsychotic agents can help with sleeplessness
Pain associated with diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, polyneuropathy, and nerve injury associated with cancer; Effect usually at lower doses than for the anti-depressant effect; Can also relieve other symptoms such as sleep problems Newer SSRI’s are less sedating, but also effective in chronic pain
antidepressants in neuropathic pain