Neurological Assessment Flashcards
What are you assessing pupils for?
If pupils are reactive to light, if they are equal in size and if they are dilated/constricted
What are dilated and fixed pupils a sign of?
Stroke, trauma, brain injury, medications, migraines, recreational drug use
What are constricted/pinpoint pupils a sign of?
Stroke, cluster headaches, opioids.
How do we assess limb strength?
Ask patient to squeeze fingers, without placing fingers into their hands. Ask patient to push against hand with their feet and pull up towards themselves.
What does GCS stand for?
Glasgow Coma Scale
How do we assess a patients GCS?
- Eye opening response
- Best verbal response (orientation)
- Best motor response (following commands)
How do we assess for facial symmetry?
Ask patient to smile and poke tongue out. Use family members to ask if patient appears to have any facial droop.
Why are Parkinson’s medications time-sensitive?
Due to their short half-life and the rapid onset of Parkinson’s symptoms if not given on time.
What are the common side effects of Parkinsons medications?
- Insomnia
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Constipation
- Psychosis
- Restless Leg Syndrome
What is the total number of points on Glasgow Coma Scale?
15
If a patient does not open their eyes when spoken to, what painful stimuli can be used to get a response?
Trapezius Squeeze, Pressure on finger (peripheral stimulation or sternal rub.
What number of points on a GCS must the patient drop to need a review?
2 or more.
How do you assess a patients balance?
Ask them to walk in straight line, in tandem and/or use romberg test (balance with eyes open in same spot vs eyes closed)
How do you assess a patients co-ordination?
Ask patient to place each finger to thumb alternating, and ask patient to put finger to nose.
