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neurology clerkship > neurologic exam slide > Flashcards

neurologic exam slide Flashcards

1
Q

what is the glasgow coma score

A
  1. eye opening response
  2. verbal response
  3. motor response
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2
Q

aphasia testing

A
  1. recognition or understanding
  2. repeating the items with fluency
  3. naming the objects
  4. following the commands
  5. make up and writing sentences
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3
Q

cranial nerves

A
  1. olfactory
  2. optic
  3. oculomotor
  4. trochlear
  5. trigeminal
  6. abducence
  7. fascial
  8. vestibulocochlear
  9. glossopharyngeal
  10. vagus
  11. accesory
  12. hypoglossal
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4
Q

2.optic for

A

visual fields

fundus

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5
Q

3.oculomotor

A

pupil reaction to light and accommodation
inferior oblique
superior, , inferior, medial recti

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6
Q

4.trochlear

A

superior oblique

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7
Q

5.trigeminal

A

mastication

fascial sensation

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8
Q

6.abducens

A

lateral rectus

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9
Q

7.fascial

A

anterior 2/3 taste

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10
Q

8.vestibulocochlear

A

hearing and vestibular(balance) function

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11
Q

9.glossopharyngeal

A

taste of porsterior 1/3

uvula

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12
Q

10.vagus

A

phonation

palate elevation

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13
Q

11.accesory

A

head turn

shoulder shrung

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14
Q

12.hypoglossal

A

tongue protrusion

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15
Q

deltoid muscle

A

for shoulder abduction

by axillary nerve

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16
Q

biceps muscle

A

elbow flexion

via musculocutaneous nerve

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17
Q

triceps muscle

A

elbow extension

via radial nerve

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18
Q

wrist extensors

A

by radial nerve

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19
Q

wrist flexion

A

by median nerve

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20
Q

hand grip

A

by grasping fingers

via median nerve

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21
Q

finger adduction

A

via median nerve

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22
Q

finger abduction

A

via ulnar nerve

for dorsal interosseus

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23
Q

thumb opposition

A

via median nerve

24
Q

hip flexion

A

via iliopsoas nerve

25
Q

hip extension

A

via gluteus maximus from S1

26
Q

knee extension

A

by quadriceps femoris muscle

27
Q

knee flexion

A

by hamstrings

28
Q

foot dorsiflexion

A

by tibias anterior

via deep peritoneal nerve

29
Q

ankle plantar flexion

A

by gastrocnemius

30
Q

extension of great toe

A

by extensor hallicus longus

31
Q

finger extension

A

by extensor digitorum

32
Q

finger flexion

A

flexor digitorum superficialis and profundur

33
Q

thumb opposition

A

by abductor polices brevis

34
Q

gait

A 
walk across room
tandem walking
heel and toe walking
hop in place
shallow knee bend
rising from sitting position
35
Q

cerebellar function required which integrations

A

motor system
cerebellar system
vestibular system
sensory system

36
Q

cerebellar function assesment

A

via rapid alternaring movements (RAM) like,
finger to nose test
heel to shin test
rombergs test (gözü önce açık sonra kapalı dengesine bakılır)
gait

37
Q

Diadochokinesia

A

inability to perform RAM

38
Q

Dysdiadochokinesis

A

more specific way of inability to perform RAM like irregularity or slowness

39
Q

spinothalamic tract

A

fibers cross and pass upward to thalamus

check for pain, temperature and crude touch (light touch without localization)

40
Q

posterior coloumns

A

synapse in medulla, cross and continue on to thalamus

check for position, vibration and fine touch

41
Q

cortical sensation

A

check stereognosis, graphesthesia, two-point discrimination

testing for the ability of sensory cortex to correlate, analyze, & interpret sensations with touch

42
Q

stereognosis

A

identify the object just by touching

43
Q

graphestesia

A

ability to identify the numbers that written on hand by closed eye

44
Q

two point discrimination

A

touch two places simultaneously

45
Q

check reflex

A

deep tendon reflex
superficial reflexes
pathological reflexes

46
Q

deep tendon reflex

A 
brachioradialis
biceps reflex
triceps reflex
patellar reflex
achilles reflex
47
Q

superficial reflexes

A 
corneal reflex
pharyngeal reflex
abdominal reflex
cremaster reflex
anal reflex
plantar reflex
48
Q

pathological reflex

A

babinski

49
Q

babinski equivalant

A

Oppenheim reflex
Chaddock reflex
Gordon reflex
Schaeffer reflex

50
Q

Oppenheim reflex

A

by firmly stroking downward on the anterior and medial surfaces of the tibia, characterized by extension of the great toe and fanning of other toes. It is a sign of pyramidal tract disease

51
Q

chaddock reflex

A

present when stroking of the lateral malleolus causes extension of the great toe, indicating damage to the corticospinal tract

52
Q

Gordon reflex

A

squeezing the calf muscle elicits an extensor plantar reflex. It is found in patients with pyramidal tract lesions

53
Q

schaeffer reflex

A

squeezing the Achilles tendon elicits an extensor plantar reflex. It is found in patients with pyramidal tract lesions

54
Q

hoffman reflex

A

flick the distal phalange of the middle finger and check if there is a flexion of thumb and hand. it is found positive in the upper motor neuron lesion above T1.

55
Q

meningeal irritation

A

occur with meningitis and subarachnoid hemorrhage. check for brudzinski and kerning sign

56
Q

brudzinski sign

A

at the flexion of the neck there is a neck stiffness and flexion of hip and knee

57
Q

kernig sign

A

resistance to extension of the leg while the hip at flex position

neurology clerkship (2 decks)

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