neurologic changes with aging and dementia

Question 1

normal age-related changes (5)

Answer 1

atrophy of cells in the cortex
decreased cerebral blood flow
decrease in synaptic transmission
changes in the spinal cord and peripheral nerve transmission
age related tremors

Question 2

typically, changes do not show up until the mid-60s; significant decline affecting everyday life does not show until the early 80s. t or f

Answer 2

true

Question 3

older adults use this strategy for memory, rather than memorization used by younger adults

Answer 3

context-based strategies

Question 4

attention decreases with age. T or F

Answer 4

true

Question 5

the 3 D’s of cognitive disorders

Answer 5

delirium
depression
dementia

Question 6

a state of temporary confusion and loss of mental function; an acute disorder, potentially reversible

Answer 6

delirium

Question 7

Lack of interest or pleasure in all activities, lasting for at least 2 weeks

Answer 7

depression

Question 8

standardized test for depression in older adults

Answer 8

geriatric depression scale

Question 9

decline in cognitive function can be measured with the

Answer 9

MMSE

Question 10

An acquired disorder of cognitive and behavioral dysfunction

Answer 10

dementia

Question 11

Only about 10% of the population over 65 have dementia. t or f

Answer 11

True

Question 12

strongest risk factor for dementia

Answer 12

age

Question 13

risk factors for dimentia

Answer 13

age
family history
race
heart health
obesity
education level

Question 14

the idea that people with more educated (and thus more developed) brains have an increased ability to compensate for declines in brain structure as people

Answer 14

cognitive reserve

Question 15

Dementia or severe memory loss that interferes with daily life is a normal part of aging. t or f

Answer 15

false

Question 16

dementia is a syndrome, not a diagnosis. t or f

Answer 16

true

Question 17

4 truths about dementia

Answer 17

part of the brain is dying
it cant be fixed
it is constantly changing
all dementias are terminal

Question 18

typically this is the first sign of dementia

Answer 18

memory loss

Question 19

in stage 2 dementia (early) this starts to happen

Answer 19

forgetting names and where objects are

Question 20

stage ______ mild cognitive impairment becomes noticeable

Answer 20

3

Question 21

At this stage, individuals may start to become socially withdrawn and show changes in personality and mood. Denial of symptoms as a defense mechanism is commonly seen in stage ______

Answer 21

4

Question 22

The main sign of stage ____ dementia is the inability to remember major details such as the name of a close family member or a home address.

Answer 22

5

Question 23

When the patient begins to forget the names of their children, spouse, or primary caregivers, and are have difficulty sleeping they are most likely entering stage ____ of dementia and will need full-time care.

Answer 23

6

Question 24

Along with the loss of motor skills, patients will progressively lose the ability to speak during the course of stage ______ dementia. In the final stage, the brain seems to lose its connection with the body. Severe dementia frequently entails the loss of all verbal and speech abilities. Loved ones and caregivers will need to help the individual with walking, eating, and using the bathroom.

Answer 24

7