Neurolab 2 Flashcards
Internal carotid artery
Branch of common carotid in the neck; passes through the carotid canal and siphon to end at the base of the brain as the anterior and middle cerebral arteries
Anterior cerebral artery
Supplies the medial portions of the frontal and parietal lobes, and some of the occipital lobe
Middle cerebral artery
Supplies the lateral portions of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes, and some of lateral occipital lobe
Anterior communicating artery
Communicating branch between the two anterior cerebral arteries
Anterior choroidal artery
Supplies the choroid plexus beginning in the temporal pole
comes off the internal carotid artery
Posterior communicating artery
Communicating branch between the internal carotid and the posterior cerebral arteries; supplies posterior thalamus
Vertebral Arteries
Originate from the subclavian artery and pass through the cervical intervertebral foramina to enter the cranial cavity through the foramen magnum
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Branch of the vertebral artery; supplies the lateral brain stem and the posterior-inferior cerebellum
Anterior spinal artery
Originates from vertebral artery and supplies the ventral and intermediate gray mater of the spinal cord as well as the ventral and lateral funiculi; some branches supply caudal ventral medulla.
Basilar artery
The two vertebral join together at the junction of the medulla and pons to form the basilar artery; continues to the junction of the pons and midbrain where its terminal branches are the posterior cerebral arteries
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
Caudal branch of basilar a.; supplies the anterior inferior cerebellum; usually gives rise to the internal auditory (labyrinthine) artery that supplies the inner ear
Pontine artery
Short and long circumferential arteries that supply the pons
Superior cerebellar artery
Rostral branch of the basilar artery that supplies the superior cerebellum and the rostral pons and midbrain
Posterior cerebral artery
Terminal branch of the basilar artery; supplies the midbrain and the occipital and temporal lobes of the brain
Dura
Tough connective tissue composed of periosteal and meningeal layers
Meningeal arteries
Middle meningeal artery enters cranial cavity through foramen spinosum; anterior and posterior meningeal arteries enter through various foramina in base of skull
Superior sagittal sinus
Located in the upper portion of the falx cerebri
Cerebral vein (superficial)
Venous drainage of the cerebrum into the dural sinuses, in this case the superior sagittal sinus
Arachnoid
Consists of the arachnoid membrane and trabeculae; cerebrospinal fluid located between the arachnoid and the pia
Tentorium cerebelli
Separates the cerebellum (posterior fossa) from the cerebral hemispheres (supratentorial)
Diaphragma sella
Covers over the sella turcica that contains the pituitary gland
Arachnoid villi (granulations)
Projections of the arachnoid through the dura and into the dural sinuses; site of resorption of cerebrospinal fluid
Cisterna magna
Large CSF containing space between the cerebellum and the medulla; located immediately above the foramen magnum
Lateral ventricle (anterior horn, body, atrium)
Found within the substance of the cerebral hemisphere and brain stem; contains CSF
Choroid plexus
Responsible for forming CSF; located in the temporal horn and body of the lateral ventricles, the roof of the 3rd ventricle, and in the inferior medullary vellum of the 4th ventricle
Interventricular foramen
Leads from the lateral ventricle to the third ventricle
Third ventricle
Located in the midline between the diencephalons (thalamus, hypothalamus); contains CSF
Cerebral aqueduct
Located in the midbrain; connect the third ventricle with the fourth ventricle
Fourth ventricle
Located between the pons-medulla and the cerebellum; one medial foramen (foramen of Magendie) and two lateral foramen (foramen of Luschka) to the subarachnoid space
