Neuroethics

Question 1

Why is neuroscience important?

Answer 1

Closer to the causes of behaviour

Question 2

What did Phelps et al (2000) find? (Brain imaging & personality)

Answer 2

Found an implicit race bias in the amygdala response when ptps saw black and white faces

Question 3

What did Haynes et al (2007) find? (Brain imaging)

Answer 3

1. Person chose add or subtract
2. Extracted data
3. Computer model trainer to classify
   - 70% accuracy read intentions of ptps

Question 4

What did Lewis et al (2012) find?

Answer 4

Grey matter volume correlated with moral views

Question 5

What did Farah et al (2009) find about brainotyping?

Answer 5

It’s a more powerful predictor of personality than ‘phenotyping’ (using genetic profiles to predict behaviour)

Question 6

Who agrees that MRI be used as a diagnostic tool?

Answer 6

Lockwood, Sebastian (2013): A1 & ACC response to people in pain l- empathetic level of adolescent boys

Question 7

Who argues that MRI is not a useful diagnostic tool?

Answer 7

Owen et al (2006): Patients in veg state could follow instructions

Question 8

What is Ritalin used for?

Answer 8

A cognitive enhancer- used for ADHD

Question 9

What is Provigil?

Answer 9

Cognitive enhancement to increase alertness (used for narcolepsy)

Question 10

What is Prozac?

Answer 10

SSRI used to treat depression, anxiety etc. Knutsson et al (1998): 4 weeks, SSRI or placebo, reduced negative affect

Question 11

What is oxytocin?

Answer 11

Socio-effective enhancement to improve social cognition & social behaviour

Question 12

What is a non-pharmaceutical brain enhancement?

Answer 12

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) used to treat depression similar to ECT

Question 13

What is neuroethics?

Answer 13

Concerned with the ethical, legal and social implications of neuroscience research findings, and with the nature of the research itself