Neurodiagnostics Flashcards
Site of lumbar puncture
L3/4 or L4/5
Opening pressure
70 - 180 is normal
Elevated pressure in Hemorrhage, meningitis, tumors
Color
Normal color is crystal clear
Xanthochromia
Change in color of CSF as a result of many dz processes
CSF WBC count
0-5 for adults
Up to 20 for kids
Meningitis most likely bacterial if over 100
Viral if under 100
What can increase WBC count in CSF?
Post seizure, ICH, malignancy, inflammatory conditions
Predominance of PMN’s in CSF =?
Bacterial meningitis
Predominance of lymphocytes in CSF =?
VIral, fungal, tubercular meningitis
CSF protein level
Adults 18 - 58
Newborns up to 150
CSF Protein Low levels
repeated LP’s
CSF leak
Acute water intoxication
Elevated CSF protein
Infections, ICH, MS, Guillain Barre, malignancy
Inflammatory conditions
CNS glucose
Low in bacterial infection of CNS
-Bacteria metabolize sugar in CSF
High when peripheral levels are high
Nerve conduction velocity (NCV)
Measures how well and how fast the peripheral nerves send signals
Evaluates entrapment neuropathies and guillian barre.
Electromyeolography (EMG)
Measures the electrical activity of muscles during rest and contraction.
Find dz that damage muscle tissue
Herniated disc, ALS, myasthenia gravis
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Used to determine epileptic seizures form other disorders.
Encephalopathy vs. psychiatric
Brain death
