Neurobiology Flashcards
Brain stem
Medulla
Pons
Cerebellum
Lesion of cerebellum
Afferent and efferent neurons
Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Telencephelon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Endocrine control
2 stage endocrine control
Autonomic nervous system
Hippocampus
Lesion of hippocampus
Amygdala
Lesion of amygdala
Lobes
Primary sensory cortex
Cerebral cortex
Association cortex
Lesion of association cortex
Motor cortex
TMS
Sensory pathway
Basal ganglia
Disorder of basal ganglia
Hemispheres
Broca’s area
Aphesia of Broca’s area
Wernicke’s area
Wernicke’s aphesia
Songbirds
Mammals not humans
Main olfactory system
Vomeronasal olfactory system
Study olfactory systems
Mesolimbic dopamine pathway
KO Trpc2
Channelrhodopsin
KO Trpc2 and express Chr2
Brain size in mammals
Study in fish
Reversal learning fish study
Heliconius butterflies
Butterfly study
Mushroom bodies
Structure of insect brain
Primate brain evolution
Vomeronasal organ receptors
Signal transduction in vomeronasal system
Old world monkeys/apes
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Aplysia feeding
Classical conditioning study on aplysia
Operant conditioning study on aplysia
Habituation
Habituation in aplysia
Sensitization
Mechanism of habituation
Mechanism of sensitization
CPG
Features of CPG
Fictive motor patterns
Mechanism of changes in CPG
Neurons of aplysia radula
Segmented animal movement
Lamprey CPG
CPG signal pathway in lamprey
Study of CPGs
Mammals CPG
Neurodegenerative disease
Alzheimer’s
Risk factors of Alzheimer’s
Age- Alzheimer’s
Gender- Alzheimer’s
Ethnicity- Alzheimer’s
Lifestyle- Alzheimer’s
Genetics- Alzheimer’s
Early onset Alzheimer’s
Brain areas affected in Alzheimer’s
Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s
Amyloid beta peptide
Amyloid precursor protein
Plaque formation
How plaques link to Alzheimer’s
Apolipoprotein E
Tau
Neurofibrillary tangle production
Alzheimer’s and diabetes link
Insulin degrading enzyme
Cholinergic hypothesis
Evidence for Cholinergic hypothesis
Treatment of Alzheimer’s
AchE inhibitors
Memantime
Lecanemab
Neural tube formation
Spine and muscle development
Neural tube defects
Spina bifida
Myelomeningocele
Closed spinal lesions
Lipomyelomeningocele
Spina bifida treatment
Exencephaly
Anencephaly
Causes of neural tube defects
Holoprosencepholy
Craniofacial abnormalities
Alobar holoprosencepholy
Semi lobar holoprosencepholy
Lobar holoprosencepholy
Survival in semi/lobar holoprosencepholy
Agenesis of corpus collosum
Causes of holoprosencepholy
Chromosomal abnormalities in holoprosencepholy
Genetic mutations in holoprosencepholy
Microcephaly
Symptoms of microcephaly
Causes of microcephaly
Radiation in microcephaly
Infection in microcephaly
Colour vision in honeybees
Mechanism of colour vision bees
Classical conditioning colour vision bees
Operant conditioning colour bees
Neural plasticity bees
Navigation in bees
Waggle dance bees
Polarized light bees
Mechanism of polarized light
Olfactory system bees
Study in bees
Classical conditioning odour bees
Neural plasticity memory bees
Inventive contrast bees
Mechanism of incentive contrast bees
Evidence against Cholinergic hypothesis