Neuroanatomy - komin með 2 bls inn

Question 1

60 y/o right-handed M, getting lost, only writes on right half of paper. Left-sided hemi-neglect. Where is the lesion? (8x)

Answer 1

RIGHT PARIETAL LOBE

Question 2

66 y/o with HTN develops vertigo, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, hiccups, L face numbness, nystagmus, hoarseness, ataxia of limbs, staggering gait, and tendency to fall to the left. Dx? (8x)

Answer 2

LATERAL MEDULLARY STROKE

Question 3

78 y/o pt had an ischemic stroke that left him with a residual mild hemiplegia. Pt appeared to be unaware that there was a problem of weakness on one side of this body. When asked to raise the weak arm, the patient raised his normal arm. When the failure to raise the paralyzed arm was pointed out to pt, he admitted that the arm was slightly weak. He also neglects the side of the body when dressing and grooming. Pt did not shave one side of his face, had difficulty putting a shirt on when it was turned inside out. Area of brain likely affected by stroke? (4x)

Answer 3

RIGHT PARIETAL LOBE

Question 4

26 y.o. w/HA and R-hand clumsiness for weeks. Exam shows difficulty w/ rapid alternating movements of hand, overt intention tremor on finger-to- nose, and mildly dysmetric finger tamping. CNS intact and no papilledema. Where will damage show on MRI? (4x)

Answer 4

CEREBELLUM

Question 5

Adult neurogenesis in which area of the brain? (x2)

Answer 5

HIPPOCAMPUS

Question 6

Previously pleasant mom becomes profane and irresponsible over 6 months. Most likely a pathology in: (2x)

Answer 6

FRONTAL LOBE

Question 7

Rapid onset of right facial weakness, left limb weakness, diplopia: (2x)

Answer 7

BRAIN STEM INFARCTION

Question 8

MRI scan of head reveals an infarct in distribution of left anterior cerebral artery. Pt most likely exhibits:

Answer 8

WEAKNESS OF CONTRALATERAL FOOT AND LEG

Question 9

Neurogenesis in adult brain is restricted to what region of brain?

Answer 9

DENTATE GYRUS

Question 10

bipolar has decreased connectivity here

Answer 10

AMYGDALA AND Prefrontal cortex

Question 11

Biogenic amine made in Locus Coeruleus

Answer 11

NE (norepinephrine)

Question 12

CNS response to fear mediated by what structure.

Answer 12

CENTRAL NUCLEUS OF THE AMYGDALA

Question 13

Brain area activated by subliminal presentations of emotional faces

Answer 13

AMYGDALA

Question 14

CNS region containing dopaminergic neurons projecting to caudate and putamen

Answer 14

SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

Question 15

Area of brain responsible for face recognition

Answer 15

FUSIFORM GYRUS

Question 16

area of brain to remember a number to make a phone call

Answer 16

DORSOLATERAL Prefrontal cortex

Question 17

Which part of cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic cortical circuit evaluates painful stimuli

Answer 17

LATERAL ORBITOFRONTAL

Question 18

The dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex, striatum and ____ are part of a loop circuit that produces worry and obsessive symptoms

Answer 18

THALAMUS

Question 19

The blood brain barrier is made up of what kind of cells?

Answer 19

ENDOTHELIAL

Question 20

Orexin is made in what part of the brain?

Answer 20

HYPOTHALAMUS

Question 21

So dopamine neurons in what system is primarily implicated in tasks related to cognitive processing?

Answer 21

MESOCORTICAL

Question 22

Which dopaminergic pathway includes the nucleus accumbens and mediates addiction and associated behaviors?

Answer 22

MESOLIMBIC

Question 23

Development of brain grey-matter volume peaks at what stage

Answer 23

LATE CHILDHOOD

Question 24

In a pt with hippocampus damage, what allows them to still learn new skills like playing tennis?

Answer 24

BASAL GANGLIA

Question 25

65 y/o pt has a stroke which causes him to fall. On exam, weakness of the right leg, with only minor weakness of the right hand, no weakness of the face, no sensory deficit. Speech is not affected, but pt seems unusually quiet and passive. The stroke most likely involves the:

Answer 25

LEFT ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY

Question 26

Hemisensory loss followed by pain and hyperpathia involving all modalities and reaching the midline of trunk and head is most consistent with ischemia in the distribution of which of the following arteries?

Answer 26

POSTERIOR CEREBRAL

Question 27

Right-side palsy with equal involvement of the face, arm and leg combined with third nerve palsy is most likely due to occlusion of a branch of which artery?

Answer 27

POSTERIOR CEREBRAL

Question 28

Bilateral lower extremity weakness, abulia, mutism, urinary incontinence are most likely to result from occlusion of which of the following arteries?

Answer 28

ANTERIOR CEREBRAL

Question 29

Pure sensory deficit extending to midline and involving face, arm, trunk, and leg caused by lacunar infarct where?

Answer 29

LATERAL THALAMUS

Question 30

Blocking R PCA (posterior cerebral artery) causes which visual disturbance?

Answer 30

LEFT HOMONYMOUS HEMIANOPSIA

Question 31

The clinical syndrome associated with occlusion of the cortical branch of the posterior cerebral artery would result in which of the following?

Answer 31

HOMONYMOUS HEMIANOPIA WITH ALEXIA WITHOUT AGRAPHIA