Neuroanatomy, Function, Psychopathology Flashcards
Cortex
Higher cognitive processing // Dementia, confusion
Prefrontal cortex
Impulse control, attention, behavioral monitoring, organization of complex information processing // ADD, schizophrenia, OCD, depression
Diencephalon thalamus
Many nerves pass through this brain structure // no indication
Hypothalamus
Sleep cycle, hunger, sex drive, controls endocrine and autonomous nervous system; influences immune system // Depression, anxiety disorder, sleep disorder
Limbic system: amygdala
Aggression, primitive threat appraisal // Impulse control disorders, depression, borderline personality disorder, anxiety disorders
Limbic system: septum
Emotion and stimulus “gate”, pleasure centers // Schizophrenia, impulse control disorders, addictive disorders
Limbic system: cingulate
Neuronal pathways connecting limbic system and prefrontal lobes, affects regulation // OCD, anxiety disorders
Limbic system: hippocampus
Recent memory, new learning, emotional and impulse control // Alzheimer’s syndrome, postconcussion syndrome, depression
Basal ganglia
Controls aspects of motor and habit behavior // OCD, Parkinson’s, antipsychotic medication side effects (extrapyramidal symptoms, EPS)
Brain stem: reticular system
Neuronal pathways connecting limbic system and prefrontal lobes, stimulus filter “gate” // ADD, schizophrenia